Means of escape

The Shockley involved in this symposium was ihe same William Shockley who had participated in the invention of the transistor in 1947. Soon after that momentous event, he became very frustrated at Bell Laboratories (and virtually broke with his coinventors, Walter Brattain and John Bardeen), as depicted in detail in a rivetting history of the transistor (Riordan and Hoddeson 1997). For some years, while still working at Bell Laboratories, he became closely involved with dislocation geometry, clearly as a means of escaping from his career frustrations, before eventually turning fulltime to transistor manufacture. 

Consider fire protection, detection and suppression requirements (Chapter 6), and means of escape, alarms, etc. 

Avoid cylinders impeding or endangering means of escape from premises or from adjoining premises. 

Glossary of terms associated with fire. Part 6 Evacuation and means of escape. Superseded BS 4422 Part 3 1972... 

Provides for the control of fire safety m all designated occupied premises, by ensuring that adequate general fire precautions are taken and appropriate means of escape and related precautions are present. Specifies the requirements for a fire certificate for various premises. 

Are sufficient general exit and escape routes available for employees Is there an alternate means of escape from the roof Is protection provided to individuals along tlie line of the escape routes ... 

It is essential to discuss the requirements for stmc-tural protection, compartmentalization, emergency lighting, detection, alarms, call points, suppression, means of escape and signage with the applicable local authority, fire brigade or insurance company personnel before finalizing designs. 

The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 gives the relevant fire authority the power to designate a place of work as premises requiring a fire certificate. This certificate will indicate the measures to be taken with respect to means of escape in the event of a fire when the structural design of... 

Ensure that means of escape are kept clear at all times. 

A whole range of precautions may be based on the principles summarized earlier. However, general precautions, applicable to the majority of work situations, are listed in Table 5.13, many of which are included in legal requirements. For example, in the UK The Fire Precautions Act 1971 specifies requirements for fire resistance of surfaces and building structure, assessment of risk, means of escape, means for giving warning, firefighting equipment, and fire instruction and drills. 

The primary safety feature for any installation should be its evacuation mechanisms for its personnel. If personnel cannot escape from an incident they may be affected from it. Personnel must first be aware that an incident has occurred, and then have an available means to escape or evacuate from it. An adequate means of escape should be provided from all buildings, process areas, elevated structures, and offshore installations. Provision of an adequate means of escape is listed in most national safety regulations for the industry as a whole as well as local building code ordinances. 

Exit routes and doors from all facilities should be provided according to the requirements of NFPA 101. The minimum width of all exit routes should not be less than a standardized width, 1.0 meter (39 inches) being commonly adopted. Where low occupancy rooms are provided in offshore facilities near process areas, a secondary emergency escape hatch is provided as an alternative means of escape in addition to the normal means of egress. 

Areas of the North and South Atlantic, and North and South Pacific present continual extreme and hostile ambient conditions that make survival exposed to such conditions a very limited probability with adequate protection measures. In these locations the probability of survival is increased with the provision of a fixed safe refuge rather than the provision of an immediate means of escape. For offshore facilities historical evidence indicates that both helicopter and lifeboat mechanism may be unavailable in some catastrophic incidents. Remote onshore facilities may also experience severe winter conditions that also render this philosophy applicable. 

For Johnson, born in 1911 in Hazelhurst, Mississippi, music was a means of escape from working in the cotton fields. As a boy he worked on the farm that belonged to Noel Johnson—the man rumored to be (15) his father. He married young, at age 17, and lost his wife a year later in childbirth. That s when Johnson began traveling and playing the blues. 

Access doors constructed from material with at least one hour notional period of fire resistance doorways should be large enough to provide access for fork lift trucks, with ran s on each side of the door sill [also to contain any internal spillage] separate pedestrian access, which also serves as a secondary means of escape, should be provided ... 

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