Mating efficiency

In general, rodents that have been exposed to an artificial odor during early life show an increased attraction to stimulus animals scented with that odor as adults. Increased odor preference following early exposure has been observed in female mice (Mainardi, Marsan and Pasquali 1965) and male rats (Marr and Gardner 1965). In some cases, this odor preference translates into increases in mating efficiency with females of the familiar scent. Specifically, male rats reared with citral-scented dams ejaculate faster when mating with citral-scented females compared to normal-scented females (Fillion and Blass 1986). 

Mating Efficiency Assay for Detecting Toxicity of Endocrine... 

Fig. 1. Resuits of a Mating Pheromone Confusion Assay. The mating efficiencies of wiid-type and mutant strains are determined in the presence and absence of a-factor. Both the wiid-type (CDC24) and the chemotropism functionai mutant cdc24-m6) ceiis show strongiy decreased mating in the presence of a-factor. The mating efficiency of ceiis carrying the chemotropism-defective aiieie cdc24-m1, however, is not affected by the pheromone (14), Copyright American Society for Microbioiogy.

As fewer cells will be able to grow on the selective plates than on the nonselective YEPD plates, the optimal dilution will likely be lower for the selective plates than for the YEPD plates. Similarly, as the presence of a-factor reduces the mating efficiency of wild-type cells, the optimal dilution for wild-type cells on selective plates will likely differ depending on whether or not pheromone was present during the mating assay. 

If the mutant cells are chemotropism defective, then the mating efficiency should be substantially lower (e.jj., 20-50-fold) than in wild-type cells. This plating step is thus included to provide further confirmation that cells showing nonrandom growth relative to the bud scar are indeed chemotropism defective. 

Less is known about mating signals in the ecologically important cladoceran Daphnia. Daphnia pulicaria males determine sex of potential mates on contact (Brewer 1998), but the chemical characteristics of these signals are not known. Mating behavior in Daphnia pulex appears to rely on random contact between males and sexual females rather than diffusible pheromones (Winsor and Innes 2002). Males may be able to discriminate sexually receptive females from females in other developmental stages and increase their mating efficiency. Males... 

Actually, everything we said about bearings, mechanical seals, piping, TDH, system curves and mating the pump curve to the system curve, the affinity laws, cavitation, horsepower and efficiency arc as applicable to PD pumps as centrifugal pumps. 

The turboexpander dry gas seal consists of the conventional dry gas seal mating ring and primary ring, an outboard labyrinth, an inboard labyrinth, and tlie cavity to be vented, if desired. Tlie outboard labyrinth reduces warm seal gas leakage to the process side efficiency deterioration is thus minimized. The inboard labyrinth, on one hand, provides an additional seal between the process and lubricating fluids. On the other hand, it allows injection of an inert gas, if desired. In the latter case, inert gas leaks to the bearing side and to the cavity between the... 

The facility wastewater monitoring program does not determine the concentration of lead and lead compounds in the scrubber discharge water, and releases to the surface impoundment (releases to land) must be calculated using mate-riai balance information. These releases to land are determined from the amount of lead removed by the scrubber (using the efficiency data provided by the scrubber manufacturer). The volume of the scrubber blowdown Is found to be 1,500 pounds per year. Enter the estimate of the amount of lead and lead compounds released to surface Impoundments in the space provided in Part III, Section 5.5.3 of the form. Because releases of lead to the surface Impoundment are greater than 999 pounds per year, you must enter the actual calculated amount in column A.2 of Section 5.5.1. The basis for the estimate of releases to the surface impoundment, entered in column B of Section 5, is mass balance calculations (code C). 

With regard to the resolution of enantiomers, some applications can be found with modified silica gel supports. Thus, a Pirkle-type CSP was used for the separation of 200 mg of a racemic benzodiazepinone [75]. Also tris-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)carba-mate of cellulose coated on silica [91, 92] was applied successfully to the resolution of the enantiomers of 2-phenoxypropionic acid and to oxprenolol, alprenolol, propranolol among other basic drugs. However, the low efficiency of this technique and the relative high price of the CSPs limits its use to the resolution of milligram range of sample. 

The chiral recognition ability of the insoluble (+)-l was estimated by HPLC using a column packed with small particles of l.25 However, this column showed a poor efficiency because of a low theoretical plate number. This defect was overcome by coating soluble poly(TrMA) with a DP of 50 on macroporous silica gel.26 The 1-coated silica gel had higher resistance against compression and longer lifetime than the CSP of insoluble 1. Moreover, the two 1-based CSPs show quite different chiral recognition for several race-mates, which may be attributed to the different orientation of 1 in bulk and on the surface of the silica gel.27... 

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