Recovery material

Additional separation and recycling. Once the possibilities for recycling streams directly, feed purification, and eliminating the use of extraneous materials for separation that cannot be recycled efiiciently have been exhausted, attention is turned to the fourth option, the degree of material recovery from the waste streams that are left. One very important point which should not be forgotten is that once the waste stream is rejected, any valuable material turns into a liability as an effluent material. The level of recovery in such situations needs careful consideration. It may be economical to carry out additional separation of the valuable material with a view to recycling that additional recovered material, particularly when the cost of downstream effluent treatment is taken into consideration. 

Fig. 3. Materials recovery, composting, combustion, and discards of municipal solid waste from 1969 to 2000 (1995—2000 estimated) as a fraction of total generation, where A represents landfill and other B, combustion C, recovery for recycling and D, recovery for composting.

The Cost to Reycle at a Materials Recovery Facility National SoHd Wastes Management Association, Washington, D.C., 1992. 

RO, primarily used ia the dairy iadustry, is expanding iato other areas of food processiag. RO can be used for a variety of operations, ranging from wastewater treatment and material recovery to clarification and concentration. Material recovery is advantageous for two reasons. By recovering valuable products, eg, proteias, from waste streams, profits can be iacreased while costs for waste disposal decreased. An excellent review of the different apphcations ofRO ia food processiag is available (9). 

Eddy-current separation is usually appHed to the removal of nonferrous metaUics from product streams containing nonmetaUic or nonmagnetic materials. These include appHcations such as material recovery facUities (MRF), eg, aluminum can recovery from commingled containers both prebumed... 

Location of Transfer Stations Whenever possible, transfer stations should be located (1) as near as possible to the weighted center of the individual solid-waste-produciion ares to be served, (2) within easy access of major arterial highways as well as near secondary or supplemental means of transportation, (3) where there will be a minimum of pubhc and environmental objection to the transfer operations, and (4) where construction and operation will be most economical. Additionally, if the transfer-station site is to be used for processing operations involving material recovery and/or energy production, the requirements for those operations must be considered. 

Materials-Recovery Systems Paper, rubber, plastics, textiles, glass, metals, and organic and inorganic materials are the principal recoverable materials contained in industrial solid wastes. 

Cover material Maximize use of on-site earth materials recovery of gas. 

Metallic Versus Ceramic/Brittle Materials Recovery... 

Recycling Use, reuse and recycling of wastes for the original or some other purpose, e.g. input material, materials recovery or energy production d j X ... 

Tighter control of water use can reduce the volume of wastewater requiring treatment, and result in cost savings - it can sometimes reduce volumes and increase concentrations to the point of providing economic material recovery in place of costly wastewater treatment. 

Application of Ion Exchange to Materials Recovery - A compilation of links to internet recycling resources provided by Allan Barton of Murdoch University, author of Resources Recycling and Recovery. Visit this at the following URL... http //wwwscience.murdoch.edu.au/teachin. 

The extraction technology is applied for scrap recycling of tantalum and niobium and for the treatment of related materials. Recovery of tantalum and niobium from secondary material, such as Sn slag, Ti slag, W slag, catalyst wastes, used cemented carbide and used tantalum capacitors was reviewed by Dai, Zhong, Li and Li [483]. 

Total material recovery, % Water collected by condensate ... 

PET has the second highest scrap value for recycled materials, second only to that of aluminum.1 A typical PET beverage bottle consists of PET (60 g), polyethylene (1 g), and label and glue (5 g). Therefore, the PET bottle scrap must be separated before the PET can be recycled. The bottles are sorted at a material recovery facility and compressed. The compressed PET bottles are then washed and converted to flake by grinding. The flakes may be converted to pellets in an extruder. The pellets are more suitable for material handling. Currently recycled PET is being used to make food and nonfood containers, straps, sheeting, and... 

Overadl material recoveries were adso significantly improved by use of emulsifier above the CMC, as was seen in the previous... 

For plant materials. Recoveries of M-1 and fenpyroximate are evaluated as combined recoveries of these two compounds because of the chemical conversion potential of M-1 to fenpyroximate. 

As with all process equipment, the design size of an evaporator system is dependent upon volumetric flow, specifically the rinsewater flow rate required and the volume of process solution dragout. When operated properly, a commercial evaporator can attain a 99% material recovery rate. 

Significant energy consumption and other operating costs are expected. This method of treatment becomes cost-effective when material recovery is significant. 

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