Matching performance

The IR library, compressed according to the discussed approaches, was tested for performance in matching. For this purpose, the spectra with 1 % and 5% of random white noise added (see Fig. 13) were decomposed and represented in the same basis as the compressed library, and then each of them was matched with all spectra from the compressed library. The same operation was performed for the data set in the original domain. 

Matching performance, expressed as the percentage of mismatch, for all compressed data sets was the same as for the original data. For the data with 1 % noise added, in both domains (original uncompressed, and wavelet) the 

These results encouraged us to further reduce the number of wavelet coefficients used for spectra matching. To this end, the matching performance using different number of wavelet coefficients has been studied, for library compressed with JBB approach. The results are presented in Fig. 14. 

For the comparison purpose, the same study was performed using PCs. The same percentage of mismatch as achieved with 5 wavelet coefficients from JBB, requires as many as 17 PCs, for the data with 1 % of additional noise. In contrast, for the data with 5% noise exactly the same percentage of mismatch was achieved with 50 wavelet coefficients as with 50 PCs. 

The actual percentage of mismatch, based on the top five wavelet coefficients, can be further reduced, if the following modification is introduced into the matching procedure  

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Terry AV, Buccafusco JJ, Prendergast MA, et al The S-HTj receptor antagonist, RS-56812, enhances delayed matching performance in monkeys. Neuroreport 20 49-54, 1996... 

Terry AV, Buccafusco JJ, Jackson WJ, et al. Enhanced delayed matching performance in younger and older macaques administered the 5-HT4 receptor agonist, RS 17017. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1998 135 407-415. 

Institute for Behavioral Research 1965 The Effects of Two Dose Levels of a CROL Compound Upon a Delayed Matching Performance with Human Volunteer Subjects. Contract No. DA-18-108-AMC-26(A)-CP3-40. 

The SDS described in Section 10.2 established an environment in which the customer can interact easily with the computer system and obtain the fashion mix-and-match recommendation generated by the IPCS. The SDS is the foundation for cross-selling fashion products and the IPCS is the kernel, which evaluates the matching performance of each fashion pair and provides well-matched fashion recommendations to customers. 

Rule-based expert system for evaluating matching performance of each product attribute... 

In the inference engine, the rules of fashion matching performance with respect to an AMSIS could be expressed as an IF-THEN rale of the following form. 

To validate the performance of the system, another survey was conducted to collect the matching performance of these 829 pairs rated by 10 fashion designers. 

Figure 15 clearly illustrates the similar characteristics of the brackish water modules. For 99.5% salt rejection, membrane productivity varies slightly from 26 to 27 gallons/day/fl. At 99.7%, the spread increases to -24-27. Somewhat larger differences are evident in the seawater offerings - rejections of 99.75-99.8% are accompanied by productivities ranging fi om -17-22 gallons/day/ft. Manufacturers have had to match performance enhancements of competitors to the economic benefit of the end user. 

As shown in Table II, the point estimates for permeability are 19.996 md and 18.998 md from single-estimation of permeability and multi-estimation of permeability and porosity, respectively, when error-free drawdown pressure data were matched. The confidence interval from the single estimation is 0.003 md, less than one-tenth percent of the true value of 20 md, implying that the point estimate is very reliable. From the joint estimation, the confidence interval is 2.101 md, about 10.5 percent of the true value, implying much less reliable estimate than the single estimation. Table III shows the permeability point estimates from single and joint estimations when the matched performance data contained 0.20 percent measurement error. The confidence intervals indicate that more reliable estimate was obtained from the single estimation than from the joint estimation, but less reliable estimates were obtained in this case than from the error-free matched performance data case. 

Figure 3 shows the confidence limits of the predicted bottom-hole flowing pressures using single-porosity estimate at 0.20 percent measurement error. The confidence interval is about 186 psi which is practically acceptable. The true pressures are all contained within the confidence interval also. As can be seen in Figure 2, the confidence regions for joint estimation of porosity and permeability at 0.20 percent measurement error indicate that even at the lowest confidence level of 95 percent, the confidence interval for porosity is very wide. The orientation and shape of the ellipses show that porosity is much less well determined than permeability. It seems, therefore, that porosity estimation is very sensitive to measurement error. Also, porosity estimates are not reliable when joint estimation of porosity and other parameter(s) is made or when there is a significant error in the matched performance data. 

The results presented above indicated that some parameters can be reliably estimated for some types of reservoirs by the technique of history matching. To obtain good results from history matching especially when distinguishability and not resolution closure criterion is used, the temporal response of the matched performance data must be sensitive to variations in the description data being estimated. The permeability estimates in this study were found to be accurate and reliable in virtually all cases considered. But porosity estimates were unreliable in most cases. Notice that the reservoir considered in this study is undercompacted and stress-sensitive in which case the reservoir s temporal response of pressure, the matched performance data, is very sensitive to variations in the reservoir permeability while it is only mildly sensitive to variations in the reservoir porosity. For normally compacted and non stress-sensitive reservoirs, the temporal response of pressure is very sensitive to variations in both the... 

There is a high level of interdependence between reservoir permeability and porosity. This seems to affect porosity estimates more adversely than it affects permeability estimates. Measurement error in matched performance data seems to affect porosity estimates much more adversely also. Therefore, a priori information on both the description and performance data of reservoirs are desirable to improve reliability of the description data estimates, and hence, improve reliability of the predicted performance data. For example, a priori information can be used to determine the error level of history performance data, thereby knowing whether the history data are suitable for matching or not. 

Tedicyp-based system or with a simple phosphine-free system (entries 1 and 3) under otherwise almost identical conditions reveals a more or less matching performance. It seems very likely that tetrapodal phosphines serve as effective supporting ligands, thereby ensuring almost infinite stability of palladium(O) species. 

Abstract PLA belongs to the family of aliphatic polyesters derived from a-hydroxy acids. The basic building block of PLA, lactic acid, (2-hydroxy propionic acid), can exist in optically active D- or L-enantiomers, which can be produced by carbohydrate fermentation or chemical syntihesis. Depending on the proportion of the enantiomers, PLA of with variable material properties can be derived. This allows the production of a wide spectrum of PLA polymers to match performance requirements. 

Polymer gel electrolytes suffer from a key restriction in electrode thickness that can be observed in Figure 4.31. Penetration of ions deep into highly porous electrodes is limited and saturation occurs in performance for thicker electrodes. The PVA-based gel electrolyte shown in Figure 4.31 illustrates a saturation around 10 pm and matched performance to aqueous systems at 2 to 3 pm. This suggests the market for gel electrolytes currently lies in flexible lower capacitance storage applications [120]. 

From a broader perspective, if cycle times become an issue, the need to match performance with promises is considered to make certain customers will be satisfied by getting their orders completed in the time frame set up before order entry. A caveat is in order here. Our research has shown overwhelmingly that it is less important, in most business situations, to promise extremely short cycle times than it is to make reliable commitments. While 24 hours or less seems to be a goal for many delivery cycles, getting the goods within 72 hours with 100% accuracy can be very acceptable to most customers and their planning systems. The problem always occurs when the goods are not at the point of need at the time promised and the customer must take alternative action. 

Across the entire framework, the partners are matching performance expectations with actual results in a frank and open atmosphere so changes to the architecture and technology applications can be made during the introduction and throughout the life cycle of the product. With so much enabling software available today, it is important that consensus on what system will be deployed and how it will be maintained is reached early in the process. Then, as the life cycle proceeds, the partners must determine whether the software has met the intended conditions. The strategy... 

In summary, the improvement of AAEMs is an ongoing area of research and development There is no one membrane of choice currently and the conductivity and stability of some membranes are still an issue. However, there are signs that good AAEM performance is close and so catalyst development for the AAEM fuel cell is required to match performance and cost of the current PEM fuel cell technology. 

The black oil model history match simulated a 640 acre area of the expected 2980 acre field polymer process area. The model area represented 1.5 nine-spot patterns or 12.6 percent of the expected field polymer flood area pore volume. The model grid was 13 X 39 X 5 layers (2,535 blocks) and contained 16 active wells. The model represented the light oil zone, the heavy oil zone, and the aquifer in order to match performance. The model area was chosen to exhibit a porosity thickness value, injection withdrawal ratio, and water oil ratio trend that was representative of the field. A... 

B. Agarwal and M. J. Blunt (2003) Streamline-based method with full-physics forward simulation for history-matching performance data of a North Sea field. SPE Journal 8 , 171-180. 

This in situ grown nanostructure was associated with the high performance shown above in Fig. 5. Clearly, nanostructures that are formed under operating temperatures would be intrinsically more stable than those formed ex situ. Thus, this research provides an important future strategy in matching performance and durability. 

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