Masterbatch liquid

The properties described qualify benzimidazolone pigments for applications such as high quality industrial paints, including automotive finishes and special effect paints, plastics and high performance printing inks. The colorants are available in the form of powders, masterbatches, liquid dispersions, pastes and granules (see Table 10-4). 

An instrument, generally in the form of a liquid-filled U-tube, for measuring pressures of gases. Masterbatch... 

In dust-free and dispersed form, they are supplied as concentrated plastic granules (masterbatch pellets), as concentrated pastes, and as liquid colors. These products are added at different stages in the processing of plastics. 

One method is adding color via concentrates or a masterbatch at the fabrication step (molding or extrusion). The process involves a two-component approach a natural polymer and a concentrated (solid or liquid) additive masterbatch metered and blended at the press. In this option, the fabricator must take responsibility for preblending the product, properly mixing and dispersing the two phases, and performing checks and adjustments to assure final color quality. 

There are many types of color concentrates (also called masterbatches) to choose from, including liquid, paste, resinated blends, so-called freeze dried, universal concentrate, resin specific, and encapsulated. All types have strengths and weaknesses that have to be considered when choosing what is right for an application. This chapter will attempt to clarify some of those differences. The liquid and paste types, however, will be left to another chapter since they are somewhat different from the rest, in both how they are made and how they are used. 

Companies will custom formulate colorant and additive products designed to be used by plastic molders, who will, in turn, produce the final consumer products. The raw materials for colorant and additive products may be in powder, liquid, or solid form. The products formulated from them may also be in powder, liquid, or solid form. Dry color formulations (powder form) currently comprise less than 5% of the total colorant and additive products being produced today. Liquid formulations account for another 5% however, this form of product is increasing in popularity and is expected to capture a larger share of the colorant and additives market in the near future. The solid form, known as concentrates or masterbatch products, are concentrated ingredients encapsulated in a carrier resin that is usually in pellet form. This type of product comprises the overwhelming majority of the formulated products used by molders and compounders today. A discussion of the basic production processes associated with the production of the various colorant and additive product types is presented below. 

A possible mixing problem had to be solved first. Six of these twelve acids are soluble in the liquid epoxy resin at room temperature and the DSC samples were made using a standard masterbatch procedure. The other six acids, however, proved to be insoluble in the liquid epoxy resin. Weighting the insoluble acids directly into the DSC high pressure capsules upon the liquid epoxy phase was the first option. Subsequently two epoxy/acid systems, with one in the resin soluble acid and one insoluble acid, were measured four times to detect possible differences in the repeatability of these measurements ... 

Once the fluorescent colorant passes quality control testing, it is then distributed to compounders to be made into color concentrate. Once in solid masterbatch or liquid concentrate form, the fluorescents are used in a wide variety of applications, including injection molding, rotational molding, blow molding, extrusion, and vacuum forming. These fluorescent colorants are used primarily in polyolefins, in vinyl plastisols, and somewhat less in styrenics, acrylics, and ABS. 

There are masterbatches that contain only a single additive (e.g. antimony trioxide, as in Table 5.12). Liquid concentrates where the flame-retardant is dispersed in styrene (F-2130) or even in water (Caliban F/R P-44, Bromkal F-435) are also regarded as masterbatches. 

Masterbatches of additives, polymeric modifiers, recycled material, as well as liquid additives such as tackifiers, can be regarded as liquids at typical processing temperatures, and as such, requiring distributive mixing. Under such conditions, the mixing limitations are manifested by extrusions with imeven surfaces, varying dimensions, striations, poor mechanical properties and so on [3]. 

Can be readily colored by a range of techniques, for example, dry coloring, masterbatches and liquid coloring. Dry colors are widely used with HIPS and it is customary to add a... 

As with dry colorants the use of screw back pressure and lower barrel temperatures at the hopper zone, assists the dispersion of masterbatch in the polymer melt. Liquid color is used as an alternative to solid masterbatches. 

The silane can also be added as a dry concentrate (wax dispersion, dry liquid, or masterbatch). Here, the silane is adsorbed at very high levels onto suitable carriers and then blended with the polymer and filler during compounding. The use of solid silanes leads to very effective dispersion even with simple production equipment. In addition, an easy and safer handling method is assured. Silane loadings are comparable to those in the in situ method. 

Feeding the peroxide into the extruder can be accomplished in various ways solid types (mainly applied for small-scale operations and experimental studies) are mostly premixed with the base polymer while liquid types are either injected directly or adsorbed to a polymer powder in a concentration of l-lOwt.% (the final concentration in the reaction mixture is normally 0.005-0.5%). Another alternative is masterbatches, which may also contain other additives. 

Organic peroxides are derivatives of hydrogen peroxide. They can be used to initiate a polymerization reaction, and influence the quality and final properties. In the context of additives, they can be used to cure unsaturated polyester resins, and cross-link thermoplastics (such as polyethylene and EVA) and elastomers. There is a very large number of different types. They are produced in liquid form and as masterbatch, in powder and granule, paste, and flake, and as dispersions. 

Silane cross-linking - specifically the one-shot system - employs a three-component mix (of peroxide, silane, and tin catalyst, either in the form of liquid of dry masterbatch) that is added separately to the compound during extrusion. The reaction is in two stages, the temperature of extrusion being used to decompose the peroxide in order to react the silane molecule onto the polymer backbone. 

A trend of recent years has been to supply additives processed into safe forms, in pellets, capsules, liquids and masterbatch concentrates and so, for the compounder and processor, the hazards have largely been taken out, but it is still important that they should be aware of them. For most compounders and processors of thermoplastics, the hazard from additives can now be safely contained upstream, during manufacture of the additives. In moulding and fabricating wet polymer systems, such as polyesters and polyurethanes, however, it is essential to take precautions. 

Pigments Dust contamination of products and workplace, escape to outside possible dust explosion heavy metals (cadmium) Use formulated systems, liquids or masterbatch where powder is essential, ensure good packaging, if possible use a dedicated area ventilate cadmium being phased out... 

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