Mass spectrometry quadrupole analyser

In a separate study we utilized ESI quadrupole mass spectrometry to analyse MMA/methacrylic acid copolymers. For each degree of polymerisation the distribution of monomer units are seen giving again chain length dependence information. This is extremely powerful application of mass spectrometry applied to polymers. Mass spectrometry has even been used for the measurement of kp for MMA polymerisation in conjunction with PLP. 

It is a logical step to analyse the volatiles evolved during a TGA or STA experiment. The two techniques currently generating most interest are those of mass spectrometry (quadrupole resolution sufficient) and FTIR (one wave-number resolution sufficient). The volatiles are swept by an inert purge... 

Q-ToF-LC-MS-MS quadrupole time-of-flight mass analyser in combination with (high performance) liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry... 

In mass spectrometers, ions are analysed according to the ml7. (mass-to-charge) value and not to the mass. While there are many possible combinations of technologies associated with a mass-spectrometry experiment, relatively few forms of mass analysis predominate. They include linear multipoles, such as the quadrupole mass filter, time-of-flight mass spectrometry, ion trapping forms of mass spectrometry, including the quadrupole ion trap and Fourier-transform ion-cyclotron resonance, and sector mass spectrometry. Hybrid instruments intend to combine the strengths of the component analysers. 

Different mass analysers can be combined with the electrospray ionization source to effect analysis. These include magnetic sector analysers, quadrupole filter (Q), quadrupole ion trap (QIT), time of flight (TOF), and more recently the Fourrier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass analysers. Tandem mass spectrometry can also be effected by combining one or more mass analysers in tandem, as in a triple quadrupole or a QTOF. The first analyzer is usually used as a mass filter to select parent ions that can be fragmented and analyzed by subsequent analysers. 

Concentrations of major cations in all samples were determined by acetylene flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy at the Trace Element Analytical Laboratories (TEAL) of McGill University. Analyses of trace element concentrations were canied out using Inductively Coupled Plasma Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (also at TEAL). Concentrations of anions were determined by Ion Chromatography at the Hydrogeology Laboratory at McGill University. 

Figure 1.2 shows the basic instrumentation for atomic mass spectrometry. The component where the ions are produced and sampled from is the ion source. Unlike optical spectroscopy, the ion sampling interface is in intimate contact with the ion source because the ions must be extracted into the vacuum conditions of the mass spectrometer. The ions are separated with respect to mass by the mass analyser, usually a quadrupole, and literally counted by means of an electron multiplier detector. The ion signal for each... 

One of the more recent branches of atomic spectrometry, although perhaps the most exciting one, is atomic mass spectrometry, which has had a very important impact on science and technology. At present, atomic mass spectrometry is ordinarily performed using inductively coupled plasma ion sources and either a quadrupole or a scanning sector-field mass spectrometer as an analyser. The remarkable attributes of such a combination, being an indispensable tool for elemental analysis, include ... 

Many applications of mass spectrometry do not require high resolution. Thus, other types of smaller, less expensive and lower performance mass spectrometers have been developed. Quadrupole mass filters that use an electric field to separate ions are in this category. These devices are used as mass detectors (GC/MS, LC/MS and ICP/MS) and in a variety of industrial processes for gas and residual gas analyses. 

Fig. 5 Statistical evaluation of LC-MS-based methods for tropane alkaloids referred in this chapter. (a) Relative frequency of ionization methods. +APCI positive atmospheric pressure chemical ionization, +ESI positive electrospray ionization, FAB fast atom bombardment, +TSP positive thermospray, (b) Relative frequency of scan modes used. MS full scan MS, MS/MS tandem mass spectrometry (product ion scan), MRM multiple reaction monitoring, SIM selected ion monitoring, (c) Relative frequency of mass analysers used. EBQtQ2 double focusing sector field mass spectrometer, IT ion trap, QqQ triple quadrupole, SQ single quadrupole. Considered publications were found by PubMed data-based search and references cited in these articles...

Whereas the interface produces analyte ions the mass analyser identifies the corresponding masses or may allow fragmentation for tandem-mass spectrometry (MS/MS or MS2) or multiple fragmentation (MS ). Single quadrupole (SQ), triple... 

S. L. Evarts, T. C. Webb, and M. T. Cancilla, A dual stream LC ESI quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer to double the throughput of intact protein and peptide digest analyses, in 52nd ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Nashville, TN (Book of Abstracts), 2004. 

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