Mass spectrometry Polyethylene glycol

Every peak was uniform with respect to m, but each one had a distribution in block length with respect to the PEO blocks (n). To identify fractions, they were collected and subjected to mass spectrometry. The first fraction contained polyethylene glycol and block oligomers with a degree of polymerization m(PO) 1-3. The second fraction was homogeneous with respect to PO and contained m(PO) 4, while fraction 3 resulted from m(PO) = 5. 

Guo, X. Fokkens, R.H. Peeters, H.J.W. Nibbering, N.M.M. de Koster, C.G. Multiple Cationization of Polyethylene Glycols in Field Desorption Mass Spectrometry a New Approach to Extend the Mass Scale on Sector Mass Spectrometers. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 1999,13, 2223-2226. 

Guo, X., Fokkens, R. H., Peeters, H. J. W., Nibbering, N. M. M., and de Koster, C. G. (1999). Multiple cationization of polyethylene glycols in field desorption mass spectrometry A new approach to extend the mass scale on sector mass spectrometers. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 13, 2223-2226. 

Laser desorption Fourier transform mass spectrometry (LD-FTMS) results from a series of peptides and polymers are presented. Successful production of molecular ions of peptides with masses up to 2000 amu is demonstrated. The amount of structurally useful fragmentation diminishes rapidly with increasing mass. Preliminary results of laser photodissociation experiments in an attempt to increase the available structural information are also presented. The synthetic biopolymer poly(phenylalanine) is used as a model for higher molecular weight peptides and produces ions approaching m/z 4000. Current instrument resolution limits are demonstrated utilizing a polyethylene-glycol) polymer, with unit mass resolution obtainable to almost 4000 amu. 

Figure 1.20 Reconstructed ion chromatograms (RIC) of [M + H]+ species at m/z 240 (acetaldehyde-PFB-derivatives), m/z 266 ([M + H —18]+ ion of acetoin-PFB-derivatives), m/z 282 (diacetyl mono-PFB-derivatives), m/z 336 (IS-PFB-derivatives) and m/z 477 (diacetyl di-PFB-derivatives) of a Merlot wine at the first day of MLF (a), and after 5 days of MLF (b). Analytical conditions polyethylene glycol) (30m x 0.25 mm i.d. df 0.25 juim) fused silica capillary column programmed oven temperature 5 min at 60 °C, 3°C/min to 210 °C, 5 min at 210°C transfer line temperature 280 °C carrier gas He flow mode constant pressure 16psi. (Reprinted from Journal of Mass Spectrometry 40, Flamini et al., Monitoring of the principal carbonyl compounds involved in malolactic fermentation of wine by synthesis of 0-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl) hydroxylamine derivatives and solid-phase-microextraction positive-ion-chemical-ionization mass spectrometry analysis, p. 1563, Copyright 2005, with permission from John Wiley Sons Ltd)...

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. A VG Trio-2 mass spectrometer was directly coupled with the Hewlett-Packard 589 R gas chromatograph, equipped with a 30 m x 0.32 mm DB-WAX capillary column (J and W. Scientific bonded polyethylene glycol phase). The carrier gas was He at 2.3 ml/min. The injector and transfer temperature was programmed as follows 30 C (2 min isothermal), to 38°C at l°C/min, then to 180°C at 2°C/min. The instrument was operated in the electron-impact mode at an ionization voltage of 70eV. Quantitative analysis by peak area, plots of chromatograms, and library search results were obtained. 

Howdle, M.D. Eckers, C. Laures, A.M.E. Creaser, C.S., The use of shift reagents in ion mobility-mass spectrometry studies on the complexation of an active pharmaceutical ingredient with polyethylene glycol excipients, J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2009, 20(1), 1-9. 

Llenes, C. F. and O Malley, R. M., Cation Attachment in the Analysis of Polystyrene and Polyethylene Glycol by Laser-desorption lime-of-flight Mass Spectrometry, Rapid. Commun. Mass Spectrom., 6, 564,1992. 

APCI, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization Cl, chemical ionization El, electron impact ESI, electrospray ionization FAB, fast atom bombardment GC, gas chromatography LC, liquid chromatography MALDI, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization MS, mass spectrometry MS/MS, tandem mass spectrometry PAHs, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PEG, polyethylene glycol PPG, polypropylene glycol. 

Whittal, R.M. and U, L (1996) Characterization of pyrene end-labeled polyethylene glycol by high resolution MALDI time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Macromol. Rapid Commun., 17, 59-64. 

Norrman, K., Papra, A., Kamounah, F.S., Gadegaard, N., Larsen, N.B. (2002) Quantification of grafted (polyethylene glycol)-silanes on silicon by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. J. Mass Spectrom., 37, 699-708. 

FIGURE 7.3 Gas chromatography- ame ionization detector chromatogram with some components identi-ed by means of mass spectrometry (top) and a time-intensity aromatogram of grapefruit oil (bottom). The separation was performed on a polyethylene glycol column (30 m x 0.32 mm ID, 0.25 pm Im thickness). (From Lin, J. and Rouseff, R.L., Flavour Fragr. /., 16, 457, 2001. With permission.)... 

Kitahara Y Takahashi S, Fujii T. Thermal analysis of polyethylene glycol evolved gas analysis with ion attachment mass spectrometry. Chemosphere. 2012 88 663-9. 

Mincheva Z, Hadjieva P, Kalcheva V, Seraglia R, Traldi P, Przybylski M. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, fast atom bombardment and plasma desorption mass spectrometry of polyethylene glycol esters of (2-benzothiazolon-3-yl)acetic acid. J Mass Spectrom. 2001 26 626-32. 

Comparative complimentary plasma absorption mass spectrometry has been used to determine oligomers in polyethylene glycol. ... 

Various workers have discussed the fractionation of polyethylene glycols using laser desoiption / Fourier transform ion cycloUxjn resonance mass spectrometry" and flow field - flow fractionation" techniques. 

Vincenti et al" used chemical ionization mass spectrometry to determine the molecular weight distribution of polyethylene glycol. 

Perfluoroethylenes have been characterized by desorption chemical ionization and tandem mass spectrometry Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectroscopy has also been applied to the identification of polymers, eg. polyethylene glycols. Comparative complimentary plasma desorption mass spectrometry/secondary ion mass spectrometry has been applied to the identification of oligomers of various polymers including polyethylene glycol, polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate, polyacrylates, polyethylene terephthalate and siloxanes. ... 

Figure 1. Comparison of analytical results obtained on an industrial polymer by gel permeation chromatography (top) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer [center] and Fourier transform mass spectrometer [bottom]). From the FT/MS data the polymer can be identified as a substituted polyethylene glycol.

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