Mass spectrometry lipid analysis

Byrdwell WC. 2001. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry for analysis of lipids. Lipids 36 327. 

Byrdwell, W.C. and Emken, E.A. (1995) Analysis of triglycerides using atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization mass-spectrometry. Lipids, 30(2), 173-175. 

Currie, G.J., Kallio, H. 1993. Triacylglycerols of human milk rapid analysis by ammonia negative ion tandem mass spectrometry. Lipids, 28, 217-221. 

Keusgen, M., Curtis, J.M. and Ayer, S.W. (1996) The use of nicotinates and sulfo-quinovosyl monoacylglycerols in the analysis of monounsaturated n-3 fatty acids by mass spectrometry. Lipids, 31 (2), 231-8. 

Cai SS, Syage JA. Atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry for analysis of fatty acid and acylglycerol lipids. J. Chromatogr. A 2006 1110 15-26. 

See also Carbohydrates Overview. Elemental Speciation Overview. Food and Nutritional Analysis Overview. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. Lipids Overview. Liquid Chromatography Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Food Applications. Mass Spectrometry Overview Principles Ionization Methods Overview Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Techniques Eiectrospray Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/lonization Pyrolysis. Proteins Traditional Methods of Sequence Determination. Vitamins Overview. 

Laakso, P. and Voutilainen, P. (1996) Analysis of triacylglycerols by silver ion high-performance atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry. Lipids, 31, 1311-22. 

Johnson, D.W, ten Brink, H.J., Schuit, R.C., Jakobs, C. (2001) Rapid and quantitative analysis of unconjugated C(27) bile acids in plasma and blood samples by tandem mass spectrometry. /. Lipid Res., 42(1), 9-16. 

ADVANTAGES AND DRAWBACKS OF IMAGING MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR ANALYSIS OF LIPIDS... 

Schrick, K., Shiva, S., Arpin, J.C., Delimont, N., Isaac, G., Tamura, P. and Welti, R. (2012) Steryl glucoside and acyl steryl glucoside analysis of Arabidopsis seeds by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Lipids 47,185-193. 

Although several technologies have been used in lipidomics to identify, quantify, and understand the structure and function of lipids in biological systems, it is clear that the progress of lipidomics has been accelerated by the development of modern mass spectrometry (e.g., electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization). Mass spectrometric analysis of lipids plays a key role in the discipline. Therefore, this book is focused on the mass spectrometry of lipids that has occurred in these years. Other technologies for analysis of lipids, particularly those with chromatography, can be found in the book entitled Lipid Analysis Isolation, Separation, Identification and Lipidomic Analysis written by Drs William W. Christie and Xianlin Han. Readers who are interested in classical techniques and applications of mass spectrometry for analysis of lipids should refer to Dr Robert C. Murphy s book entitled Mass Spectrometry of Lipids. 

Tomer, K.B., F.W. Crow, H.W. Knocke, and M.L. Gross Fast Atom Bombardment and Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Ornithine-Containing Lipids from Thiobacillus thiooxidans. Analyt. Chemistry 55, 1033 (1983). 

Cai, S. S. Syace, J. A. Comparison of atmospheric pressure photoionization, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for analysis of lipids. Anal. Chem. 2006, 78, 1191-1199. 

Murphy, R. C. Mass Spectrometry of Lipids. New York Plenum Press, 1993. Shibamoto, T., Ed. Lipid Chromatographic Analysis. New York Marcel Dekker, 1993. 

Schneiter, R. Brugger, B. Sandhoff, R. Zellnig, G. Leber, A. Lampl, M. Athenstaedt, K. Hrastnik, C. Eder, S. Daum, G. Paltauf, F. Wieland, F. T. Kohlwein, S. D. Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) analysis of the lipid molecular species composition of yeast subcellular membranes reveals acyl chain-based sorting/remodeling of distinct molecular species en route to the plasma membrane. J. Cell Biol. 1999,146,741-754. 

The results for bacterial whole-cell analysis described here establish the utility of MALDI-FTMS for mass spectral analysis of whole-cell bacteria and (potentially) more complex single-celled organisms. The use of MALDI-measured accurate mass values combined with mass defect plots is rapid, accurate, and simpler in sample preparation then conventional liquid chromatographic methods for bacterial lipid analysis. Intact cell MALDI-FTMS bacterial lipid characterization complements the use of proteomics profiling by mass spectrometry because it relies on accurate mass measurements of chemical species that are not subject to posttranslational modification or proteolytic degradation. 

Volume 432. Lipidomics and Bioactive Lipids Mass-Spectrometry—Based Lipid Analysis (in preparation)... 

Investigations based on direct mass spectrometry analysis aiming at identifying waxes and other lipids in museum or archaeological items were first carried out at the end of... 

Han, X. and Gross, R.W. Global analysis of cellular lip-idomes directly from crude biological samples by ESI mass spectrometry a bridge to lipidomics. /. Lipid Res. 44 1071-1079, 2003. 

D1 (10,17S-docosatriene) from DHA using tandem liquid chromatography-photodiode array-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-PDA-ESI-MS-MS)-based lipidomic analysis have been documented in ischemic brain [4] and retinal pigment epithelium [5], This new lipid is called neuroprotectin D1 (1) because of its neuro-protectiveproperties in brain ischemia-reperfusion [4] and in oxidative stress-challenged retinal pigment epithelial cells [5] (2) because of its potent ability to inactivate proapoptotic signaling (see apoptosis, Ch. 35) [5] and (3) because it is the first identified neuroprotective mediator derived from DHA. 

Evershed, R.P. (1992b). Mass spectrometry of lipids. In Lipid Analysis A Practical Approach, ed. Hamilton, R.J. and Hamilton, S., IRL Press, Oxford, pp. 263-308. 

The potential for the preservation of lipids is relatively high since by definition they are hydrophobic and not susceptible to hydrolysis by water, unlike most amino acids and DNA. A wide range of fatty acids, sterols, acylglycerols, and wax esters have been identified in visible surface debris on pottery fragments or as residues absorbed into the permeable ceramic matrix. Isolation of lipids from these matrices is achieved by solvent extraction of powdered samples and analysis is often by the powerful and sensitive technique of combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS see Section 8.4). This approach has been successfully used for the identification of ancient lipid residues, contributing to the study of artifact... 

However, full structural analysis of a lipid will often necessitate further analysis of the collected column effluent for a single GLC peak. Infrared and NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry are all useful techniques which will give information for identification purposes, including the position and configuration of any double bonds. 

The marriage of HPLC to mass spectrometry (MS), now developed into a mature instrumentation, continues to greatly impact many of the separation sciences, especially in pharmaceutical analysis where it has been used in new drug discovery [23,24] and in drug metabolite identification [25-27]. HPLC-MS has also made an impact on lipid research, providing a convenient approach to the analysis of phospholipids and fatty acids [28,29]. It has also greatly benefited the field of proteomics [30-34], especially analysis of protein structure and function. 

A newer approach for lipid analysis is electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) (Welti et al., 2002). This method requires limited sample preparation and sample size to identify and quantify lipids. Fauconnier et al. (2003) used ESI-MS/MS to analyze phospholipid and galactolipid levels during aging of potato tubers. 

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