Marine environment ecotoxicology

Neff J.M. Ecotoxicology of arsenic in the marine environment. Environ Toxicol Chem 1997 16 917-927. 

Eisler, R. 1995. Electroplating wastes in marine environments a case history at Quonset Point, Rhode Island. Pages 539-548 in DJ. Hoffman, B.A. Rattner, G.A. Burton, and J. Cairns, Jr. (eds.). Handbook of Ecotoxicology. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL. 

Gnassia-Barelli, M. and M. Romeo. 1993. Some aspects of lead ecotoxicology in the marine environment. Aquat. Toxicol. 26 163-170. 

P.D. Abel and V. Axiak, Measuring the toxicity of pollutants to marine organisms, In E. Horwood (Ed.), Ecotoxicology and the Marine Environment, Chichester, 1991, p. 103. 

Dive, D. Persoone, G. Protozoa as test organisms in marine ecotoxicology luxury or necessity In Ecotoxicological Testing for the Marine Environment, Persoone, G., Jaspers, E., Claus, C., Eds. State Univ. Ghent and Inst. Mar. Sci. Res. Belgium, 1984 Vol. 1, 281-306. 

Rye, H., Nordtug, T., Tobiesen, A. and Osteorot, A. (1997) Drilling and well chemicals and their environmental impacts. A survey of amounts, ecotoxicological properties, dispersion and impacts in the marine environment. In Chemistry in the Oil Industry, 6th International Symposium, Ambleside, the Lake District, UK, 14—17 April 1997. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, p. 21. 

J.S. Latimer and J. Zheng, The Sources, Transport and Fate of PAHs in the Marine Environment, PAHs An Ecotoxicological Perspective, Ed., P.E.T. Douben, John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK, 2003, p.9. 

Geyer H, Freitag D, Korte F (1984) Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the marine environment, particularly in the mediterranean. Exotoxicol Environ Saf 8 129-151 Geyer H, Sheehan P, Kotzias D, Freitag D, Korte F (1982) Prediction of ecotoxicological behaviour of... 

Tanabe, S., Iwata, H., Tatsukawa, R., 1994. Global contamination by persistent organo-chlorines and their ecotoxicological impacts in marine mammals. Sci. Total Environ. 154, 163-177. 

A comparison of the concentration of PCBs and OCPs in Singapore s coastal marine sediments with the sediment quality guideline specified by the USEPA (1997) and the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME, 2002) (Table 15.8), and comparison with levels of contaminants reported from other locations in Asia, Singapore s marine sediments can be classified as moderately contaminated with probable ecotoxicological impacts to marine organisms. 

The general objective, principle, and scope of application of the pT-method are succinctly described in Section 1 and also reported elsewhere in this book (see Chapter 3 of this volume, Section 5.1), where readers will appreciate that this hazard assessment scheme is adaptable to both liquid and solid media. Briefly recalled here in the context of solid-media samples such as dredged material, the pT-value, which relates to a single bioassay, and the pT-index, derived from the most sensitive organism in a test battery, permit a numerical classification of environmental samples on the basis of ecotoxicological principles. Sediment from any aquatic ecosystem (freshwater, brackish, marine) and from any of its phases (whole sediment, porewaters, elutriates or organic extracts) can be appraised provided that the proper standardized toxicity tests are available. There are whole-sediment test protocols standardized for many agencies (e.g., Environment Canada, ASTM). 

R. Scott Carr USGS, BRD, CERC Marine Ecotoxicology Research Station TAMU-CC, Center for Coastal Studies NRC Suite 3200, 6300 Ocean Drive Corpus Christi, Texas 78412 U.S.A. Peter M. Chapman EVS Environment Consultants 195 Pemberton Avenue North Vancouver, B.C. Canada, V7P 2R4... 

Peters EC, Gassman NJ, Firman JC, Richmond RH, Power EA. 1997. Ecotoxicology of tropical marine ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem 16 12-40. 

Koyama J, Kawamata M, Imai S, Fukunaga M, Uno S, Kakuno A (2007) Java medaka a proposed new marine test fish for ecotoxicology. Environ Toxicol 23 487 89... 

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