Malvalate

Malt syrups Malt whiskey Malvalic acid... 

Cottonseed contains two cyclopropenoid fatty acids, malvalic and sterulic acid. The presence of these two CPFA s could be a limiting factor in the use of cottonseed for human food (26). The preparation of foods containing cottonseed may decrease the amount of cyclopropenoid fatty acids. 

Sesquit. cadinanes gossypol (Gossypium spp., Malvales, and other widely cultivated Ang. MI). 

Herbaceous to soft-woody anthers one-celled.Order Malvales... 

Malvalic acid - [SOYBEANS AND OTHER OILSEEDS] (Vol 22) -in cottonseed [SOYBEANS AND OTHER OILSEEDS] (Vol 22)... 

Malvaceae). Malvalic acid is produced from sterculic acid by chain shortening from the carboxyl end (Figure 3.14). Sterculic acid is an inhibitor of the A9-desaturase which converts stearic acid into oleic acid and is potentially harmful to humans in that it can alter membrane permeability and inhibit reproduction. 

Halphen Test for Detecting Cottonseed Oil (Cb 1-25) estimates the presence of cottonseed oil in vegetable or animal fats or oils as the result of a pink color formed between the reagent and cyclopropenoic fatty acids (sterculic and malvalic) normally present in cottonseed oil. 

Glycyrrhizic acid (= Glycyrrhinic acid Glycyrrhizin Glycyrrhizinic acid) (triterpene glycoside saponin) Malvalic acid (= 7-(2-... 

This type of fatty acid is usually found at low levels (around 1%) in plant oils that contain cyclopropene acids. Cyclopropene acids are characteristic for oils from the Malvalaceae, Stercu-liaceae, Bombaceae, Tiliaceae, and Sapicidaceae families with sterculic acid (9,10-methyleneoctadec-9-enoic acid) and mal-valic acid (8,9-methyleneheptadec-8-enoic acid) as two major compounds. Sterculic acid is more abundant (about 50% of the total fatty acids in Sterculiafoetida oil). 2-Hydroxysterculic acid may also be present in this oil as a possible intermediate in the biosynthesis of malvalic acid (through a-oxidation of sterculic acid). 

Cyclopropenoid Fatty Acids. Cotton, and other plants in the Malvaceae family, contain a pair of unique cyclopropene fatty acids (CPFA). These two fatty acids, sterculic and malvalic acid, are generally referred to collectively as cyclopropenoid fatty acids. Sterculic acid is the most active of the two fatty acids whose general action is to inhibit the desaturation of stearic to oleic fatty acid in the animal body with a resultant alteration in membrane permeability or an increase in the melting point of fats. 

Jones (36) reviewed the natural antinutrients of cottonseed protein products— gossypol and the cyclopropenoic fatty acids (CPFA malvalic and sterculic acids). The CPFAs participate in forming the pink color complex in the Halphen reaction, a test specific for the admixture of cottonseed oil with other oils and fats. They also inhibit A9 desamrase, an enzyme that converts stearic acid into oleic acid, and thus increase hardness of fats from animals (e.g., pig backfat and lard) raised or finished on feedstuffs containing high levels of polyunsamrated oils like corn. Feed industry practice is to limit cottonseed lipids to no more than 0.1-0.2% in the diet of laying hens to avoid pink discoloration of egg whites and alterations of the vitelline membrane that cause pasty yolks. 

Whilst the potential for synthesis of cyclopropene under volcanic conditions on primeval earth is recognized , the extent to which the ring system occurs in nature is known for only four classes of compounds, one of which involves cyclopropenone derivatives. Plants of the order Malvales contain varying amounts of the biologically active and homologous cyclopropene fatty acids sterculic acid (2) and malvalic acid (3). The... 

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