Maleic anhydride grafted styrene-ethylene

Recently, Liu et al. [34] prepared banana fibre (BaF)-filled composites based on high-density polyethylene (HDPE)/polyaminde-6 (PA 6) blends via a two-step extrusion method. Maleic anhydride grafted styrene/ethylene-butylene/styrene triblock polymer (SEBS-g-MA) and maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (PE-g-MA) were used to enhance impact performance and interfacial bonding between BaF and the resins. Mechanical, crystaUization/melting, thermal stability, water absorption and... 

SEBS-g-MA Maleic anhydride grafted styrene-ethylene-co-butadiene-styrene tri-block copolymer SEI Specific energy input... 

SMA, styrene-maleic anhydride random copolymer SEBS-MA, maleic anhydride grafted styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer OPS, poly(styrene-co-vinyloxa2 lin). 

Figure 14.9 Effect of various impact modifiers (25wt%) on the notched Izod impact strength of recycled PET (as moulded and annealed at 150°C for 16 h) E-GMA, glycidyl-methacrylate-functionalized ethylene copolymer E-EA-GMA, ethylene-ethyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate (72/20/8) terpolymer E-EA, ethylene-ethyl acrylate EPR, ethylene propylene rubber MA-GPR, maleic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene rubber MBS, poly(methyl methacrylate)-g-poly(butadiene/styrene) BuA-C/S, poly(butyl acrylate-g-poly(methyl methacrylate) core/shell rubber. Data taken from Akkapeddi etal. [26]...

Table 2.5 Interfacial Tensions between Polymer Melt Pairs Including Compatibilizing Agents. MAH-PP Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polypropylene SEES Hydrogenated Triblock Copolymer of Styrene and Butadiene MAH-g-SEBS Maleic Anhydride Grafted SEES PEMA-Zn Poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic Acid) lonomer Neutralized by Zinc.

Historically, a number of different impact-modification technologies have been used. These include various maleated oleflnic rubber such as EB, EP, and so on SBS bromi-nated isobutylene-para-methyl styrene elastomers produced by Exxon and many others. Dow s metallocene-based ethylene-a-olefln elastomers were found to be very effective as well. The rheology of toughened nylon 6,6 is usually directly related to the maleic anhydride graft level of the impact modifier. Rubber particle size averages of greater than 0.25 pm and less than 0.5 pm are required to achieve the required balance of mechanical performance. Optimum particle size varies with the percentage of rubber. 

Monsanto patented in 1994 a method of processing of all the carpet components without a previous separation [47,48]. The product could be extruded in the twin-screw extruder it contained 35-67 wt% of PA, 8-21 wt% of PP, 5-29 wt% of SBR, and 10-40 wt% of inorganic filler. In the case when compat-ibilizers were not introduced into the blends, the mechanical properties were close to those of polystyrene, but they were much poorer than those of virgin PA66. Considerably better results were achieved after the introduction into the blends of compatilizers of the following types Polybond (maleic anhydride grafted onto PP (PP-g-MA)), Kraton (styrene-ethylene/butadiene-styrene... 

Most elastomers that are used for nylon modification contain a small amount of maleic anhydride (0.3 to 2%). In the melt blending process, these elastomers react with the primary amine end groups in nylon, giving rise to nylon grafted elastomers. These grafts reduce the interfacial tension between the phases and provide steric stabili2ation for the dispersed mbber phase. Typically, thermally stable, saturated mbbers such as EPR, EPDM, and styrene—ethylene/butylene—styrene (SEBS) are used. 

Another important use of BCl is as a Ftiedel-Crafts catalyst ia various polymerisation, alkylation, and acylation reactions, and ia other organic syntheses (see Friedel-Crafts reaction). Examples include conversion of cyclophosphasenes to polymers (81,82) polymerisation of olefins such as ethylene (75,83—88) graft polymerisation of vinyl chloride and isobutylene (89) stereospecific polymerisation of propylene (90) copolymerisation of isobutylene and styrene (91,92), and other unsaturated aromatics with maleic anhydride (93) polymerisation of norhornene (94), butadiene (95) preparation of electrically conducting epoxy resins (96), and polymers containing B and N (97) and selective demethylation of methoxy groups ortho to OH groups (98). 

Fig. 12.1.4 Immobilization of bovine serum albumin on colloidal silica grafted with poly (maleic anhydride-styrene) (O), poly(maleic anhydride-methyl methacrylate) ( ), and poly (ethylene glycol)-poly(maleic anhydride-styrene) (A). (Front Ref. 42.)...

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