Lung cancer formation

Zeller WJ, Schmahl D. 1986. Relevance of gas and particulate phases of tobacco smoke for lung cancer formation An experimental study in Syrian golden hamsters. Cancer Detect Prev 9 91-97. 

Denissenko MF, Pao A, Tang M, Pfeifer GP. (1996). Preferential formation of benzo[a]pyrene adducts at lung cancer mutational hotspots in P53. Science. 274(5286) 430-32. 

Tsai CM, Chang KT, Wu LH, Chen JY, Gazdar AF, Mitsudomi T, Chen MH, Perng RP (1996) Correlations between intrinsic chemoresistance and HER-2/neu gene expression, p53 gene mutations, and cell proliferation characteristics in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Cancer Res 56 206-209 Oberall F, Oberhuber H, Maly K, Zaknun J, Demuth L, Grunicke HH (1991) Hexade-cylphosphocholine inhibits inositol phosphate formation and protein kinase C activity. Cancer Res 51 807-812... 

Pemetrexed is chemically similar to folic acid. It inhibits three enzymes used in purine and pyrimidine synthesis - thymidylate synthetase, dihydrofolate reductase, and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyl transferase. By inhibiting the formation of precursor purine and pyrimidine nucleotides, pemetrexed prevents the formation of DNA and RNA. In 2004 it was approved for treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma and as a second-line agent for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Adverse effects include gastrointestinal complaints, bone marrow suppression, alopecia, allergic and neurotoxic reactions. 

Gemcitabine Inhibits DNA synthesis and repair inhibits ribonucleotide reductase with reduced formation of dNTPs incorporation of gemcitabine triphosphate into DNA resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis and function Pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, non-Hodgkin s lymphoma, soft tissue sarcoma Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, myelosuppression... 

Chen YS, Ho CC, Cheng KC, Tyan YS, Hung CF, Tan TW, Chung JG. 2003b. Curcumin inhibited the arylamines N-acetyltransferase activity, gene expression and DNA adduct formation in human lung cancer cells (A549). Toxicol In Vitro 17 323— 333. 

Avoid inhalation of vapor and contact with eyes or skin. Primary effects probably are due to fairly rapid formation of hydrochloric acid, formaldehyde, and methanol. A high incidence of lung cancer has been observed after chronic exposure.3 Animal and human carcinogen.5 Exposure by all routes should be carefully controlled to lowest possible levels.6... 

A method has been proposed for the determination of cellular levels in lung cancer cell lines of the TKIs dasatinib and lapatinib [141], Cellular samples were extracted with a mixture of tert-butyl methyl ether/ACN/ammonium formate pH 3.5 (6 2 1, v/v/v). The organic layer was subjected to evaporation and the samples were reconstituted in acetonitrile, followed by chromatographic separation on a C18 column. Dasatinib and lapatinib were monitored by tandem MS equipped with a positive electrospray ionization interface in positive ion mode. These cellular experiments showed that lapatinib is not actively expelled from P-gp over-expressing cancer cells, while P-gp activity significantly decreases cellular levels of dasatinib [141],... 

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