Non-small cell lung cancer NSCLC

There are four major histologic types of lung cancer that are divided into two classes based on response to treatment and prognosis small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, it is important to note that certain other rare malignancies can be seen as well as mixed-type carcinomas. The four major types of lung cancer are outlined in Table 87-1. 

Radiation therapy is the treatment of choice for chemotherapy-resistant tumors such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or in chemotherapy-refractory patients with SVCS. Between 70% and 90% of patients will experience relief of symptoms. Radiation therapy also may be combined with chemotherapy for chemotherapy-sensitive tumors such as SCLC and lymphoma. In the rare emergency situations of airway obstruction or elevated intracranial pressure, empirical radiotherapy prior to tissue diagnosis should be used. In most patients, symptoms resolve within 1 to 3 weeks. 

Arenberg DA, Kunkel SL, Polverini PJ, et al. Interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) is an angiostatic factor that inhibits human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumorigenesis and spontaneous metastases. J Exp Med 1996 184(3) 981-992. 

Lung cancer is a solid tumor originating from bronchial epithelial cells. This chapter distinguishes between non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) because they have different natural histories and responses to therapy. 

Shepherd, F.A. et al., A randomized placebo-controlled trial of erlotinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) following failure of 1st line or 2nd line chemotherapy. A National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Croup (NCIC CTC) trial, Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol., 22(SuppL), 14S, Abstr. 7022, 2004. 

Schiller JH, Harrington D, Sandler A, et al. A Randomized Phase III Trial of Four Chemotherapy Regimens in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) (abstract 2). 2000. Pro Am Soc Clin Oncol 19 1a. 

Socinski MA, Halle J, Schell MJ, et al. Induction (I) and Concurrent (C) Carboplatin/Paclitaxel (C/P) with Dose-Escalated Thoracic Conformal Radiotherapy (TCRT) in Stage IIIA/B Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) A Phase Eli Trial. ProcAm Soc Clin Oncol 2000 19 Abstract 1940. 

Aamdal S, Lauvvang G, Owre K, et al. A phase Eli study of docetaxel (Taxotere) combined with concurrent radiation therapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lung Cancer 2000 29(Suppl 1) 100 (abstract 327). 

Goss G, Lochrin C, Perry G, et al. A phase I study of gemcitabine and Cisplatin with concurrent curative irradiation in Stage III Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Pro Am Soc Clin Oncol 1999 18 abstract 1986. 

KomakiR, Seiferheld W, Curran W, etal. Sequential vs. concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy for inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) Analysis of failures in a Phase III study (RTOG 94-10) Proc Am Soc Thera Rad Oncol (ASTRO). IJROBP 2000 48 5A (abstr). 

Von Pawel J, Von Roemeling T. Survival benefit from Tirazone (tirapazamine) and cisplatin in advanced non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients Final results from the phase III CATAPULT trial. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 1998 17 454a (abstr 1749). 

Komaki R, Scott CB, Byhardt RW, et al. Failure patterns by prognostic group determined by recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) of 1,547 patients on four Radiation Therapy Oncology Group studies in inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1998 42 263-267. 

Swisher SG, Roth JA, Komaki R, et al. Induction of pro-apoptotic mediators and tumor regression following intratumoral delivery of adenoviral p53 (RTR/INGN 201) and radiation therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 2001 20 257a. 

Metastatic stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a grim outcome. The median survival does not exceed 11 months, with no differences according to different cisplatin-based regimens. However, this clinical observation is spurious from the molecular point of view, bewcausse DNA repair genes involved in several path-... 

Gefitinib (Iressa ) 2003 EGFR Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)... 

JM216 (B MS 182751) has been evaluated in small-cell lung cancer [45], non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [46] [47], hormone refractory prostate cancer [48] and ovarian cancer (unpublished), all using the daily x 5 schedule. JM216 exhibited antitumor activity in patients presenting with previously untreated small-cell lung cancer [45]. Responses included 5 partial responses and 5 stable disease, and overall was 5/16 (31%). 

---