Lung cancer diagnosis

In view of these fundamental difficulties it is understandable that lung cancer diagnosis and classification represents a diffifult task, resulting frequently in data of low reliability. 

Biology of Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, edited by S. T. Rosen, J. L. Mulshine, F. Cuttitta, and P. G. Abrams... 

Yanaihara N, Caplen N, Bowman E, Seike M, Kumamoto K, Yi M, Stephens RM, Okamoto A, Yokota J, Tanaka T, Calin GA, Liu CG, Croce CM, Harris CC 2006. Unique microRNA molecular profiles in lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Cancer Cell 9(3) 189-198. 

Biology of Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, edited by S. T. Rosen,... 

Anodier problem can arise from the use of nonprescription cough medicine for self-treatment of a chronic cough. Indiscriminate use of antitussives by die general public may prevent early diagnosis and treatment of serious disorders, such as lung cancer and emphysema... 

Lives with wife has four grown children smoked 2 packs of cigarettes per day x 40 years (quit with diagnosis of lung cancer)... 

Breast cancer is the most common site of cancer and is second only to lung cancer as a cause of cancer death in American women. It is estimated that 214,640 new cases of breast cancer will be diagnosed and that 41,430 women will die of breast cancer in 2006.1 Whites account for the largest portion of estimated cases (82%) and deaths (80%). In addition to invasive breast cancers, it is estimated that 61,980 cases of in situ cancer will be diagnosed among women in the United States in 2006. The median age for the diagnosis of breast cancer is between the ages of 60 and 65 years.2... 

The least expensive visualization method in the diagnosis of lung cancer. Readily accessible and does not require systemic administration of contrast dye. However, it often detects lesions that are not cancerous and is not capable of assessing lymph node status. 

Radiation therapy is the treatment of choice for chemotherapy-resistant tumors such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or in chemotherapy-refractory patients with SVCS. Between 70% and 90% of patients will experience relief of symptoms. Radiation therapy also may be combined with chemotherapy for chemotherapy-sensitive tumors such as SCLC and lymphoma. In the rare emergency situations of airway obstruction or elevated intracranial pressure, empirical radiotherapy prior to tissue diagnosis should be used. In most patients, symptoms resolve within 1 to 3 weeks. 

Suggested Alternatives for Differential Diagnosis Blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, aspergillosis, pneumonia, respiratory distress syndrome, mediastinal cysts, mycoplasma infections, Pancoast syndrome, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, lung abscess, lung cancer, lymphoma. 

Paraneoplastic neuropathies often occur in patients with carcinoma. Subacute sensory or sensorimotor axonal polyneuropathy, often with associated limbic encephalitis and cerebellar degeneration, is a common complication of small-cell lung cancer and other carcinomas, occasionally presenting even prior to diagnosis of the underlying neoplasm. Some patients with paraneoplastic neuropathy express anti-Hu antibodies, which recognize epitopes associated with the HuD neuronal RNA binding protein [37,38]. 

Uses of Specific Laboratory Tests to Discover, Confirm, and/or Exclude a Disease. Some tests can confirm the diagnosis of a disease (e.g., tissue histology from a broncho scopic biopsy to confirm lung cancer), but cannot be used to exclude the disease or discover the disease in routine screening. Other tests can be used both to confirm and to exclude the diagnosis of a disease (e.g., glucose tolerance test for diabetes mellitus), but are too inconvenient to be used to discover the disease in routine screening. The uses of each laboratory test to discover, confirm, or exclude a disease should be considered before a test is simply added to a clinical trial protocol. This ensures that the test is appropriate in the context of the planned clinical trial. 

Henschke Cl, Yip R, et al (2006) Women s susceptibility to tobacco carcinogens and survival after diagnosis of lung cancer. JAMA 296(2) 180-184... 

Yesner, R., and D. D. Van Hoff (1978). Pathologic diagnosis of lung cancer reappraisal and prospects. In Muggia, and M. Rozensweig, eds. Lung Cancer Progress in Therapeutics. Raven Press, New York. 

Lung cancer occurred at a higher rate among potentially exposed CMME workers at a factory in France (rate ratio 5.0 compared with nonexposed workers and 7.6 compared with an external referent population). The average age at diagnosis was 10.5 years lower than nonexposed cases, and the predominantly small cell cancers of the exposed were mostly oat cell type. 

Straus MJ. Characteristics of lung cancer. In Straus MJ, ed. Lung cancer clinical diagnosis and treatment. New York Grune Stratton, 1977 19-32. 

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE). NSE is useful for monitoring the outcome of treatment and the course of disease in patients with neuroendocrine tumors, in particular small cell lung cancer and neuroblastoma. The test is not suitable as a screening or adjunct to diagnosis because of low clinical sensitivity and specificity. Elevated serum NSE concentrations are found in patients with ... 

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