Chemotherapy resistance

In malaria chemotherapy, resistant parasites have significantly reduced the efficiency of classic antifolate drugs. In the search for novel inhibitors of... 

Radiation therapy is the treatment of choice for chemotherapy-resistant tumors such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or in chemotherapy-refractory patients with SVCS. Between 70% and 90% of patients will experience relief of symptoms. Radiation therapy also may be combined with chemotherapy for chemotherapy-sensitive tumors such as SCLC and lymphoma. In the rare emergency situations of airway obstruction or elevated intracranial pressure, empirical radiotherapy prior to tissue diagnosis should be used. In most patients, symptoms resolve within 1 to 3 weeks. 

Pronzato P. (2008) New therapeutic options for chemotherapy resistant metastatic breast cancer The epothilones. Drugs 68 139-146. 

The clinical implications of both amplification and loss in tumors have been studied. In a study of 29 Dukes C colorectal cancer patients, those with tumors that had two or more chromosomal regions of gain or loss had significantly better prognosis than patients with less (p = 0.02) (21). Loss of chromosome 5q and lack of 8q amplification in serous ovarian cancer n = 96) is associated with improved prognosis (5-year survival of 75% versus 0% with no loss on 5q and amplification on 8q p = 0.0007) (22). In childhood ALL the amplification of specific chromosomes, chromosome regions, and genes has been associated with chemotherapy resistance and clinical outcome (23,24). 

Kreitman RJ, Wilson WH, Bergeron K, Raggio M, Stetler-Stevenson M, FitzGerald DJ, Pastan I. Efficacy of the anti-CD22 recombinant immunotoxin BL22 in chemotherapy-resistant hairy-cell leukemia. N Engl J Med 2001 345 241-7. 

Intrinsic chemotherapy resistance to the tubulin-binding antimitotic agents in renal cell carcinoma. Int. J. Cancer 115, 155-163. 

P-gp Inhibition as an Adjunct to Treating Chemotherapy-Resistant Cancers... 

Palivizumab Prevention ot respiratory syncytial virus infection Rituximab Chemotherapy-resistant advanced tollicular... 

As there are no reports of adverse effects from consumption of excess thiamine from food and supplements (supplements of 50 mg/day are widely available without prescription), and the data are inadequate for a quantitative risk assessment, no UL has been defined for thiamine. However, as stimulators of transketolase enzyme synthesis such as thiamine support a high rate of nucleic acid ribose synthesis necessary for tumor cell survival, chemotherapy resistance, and proliferation, some concern has been expressed that thiamine supplementation of common food products may contribute to increased cancer rates in the Western world. There is, however, littie evidence to support this assumption. Rarely, individuals given high-dose intravenous thiamine in treatment of beriberi have developed anaphylaxis, the frequency being about 1 100,000. 

Goss, P.E., Strasser, K., Marques, R., Clemons, M., Oza, A., Goel, R., Blackstein, M., Kaizer, L., Sterns, E.E., Nabholtz, J.M., De Coster, R., Crump, M., Abdolell, M. and Qi, S. (2000) Liarozole fumarate (R85246) in the treatment of ER negative, tamoxifen refractory or chemotherapy resistant postmenopausal metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 64, 177-188. 

COAS2 Several aggressive metastatic chemotherapy-resistant tumors Overexpressed almost exclusively in these tumors 70... 

Sartorius UA, Krammer PH (2002) Upregulation of Bcl-2 is involved in the mediation of chemotherapy resistance in human small cell lung cancer cell lines. Int J Cancer 97 584—592... 

Akao, Y., Banno, Y., Nakagawa, Y., Hasegawa, N., Kim, T.J., Murate, T., Igarashi, Y., and Nozawa, Y. High expression of sphingosine kinase 1 and SIP receptors in chemotherapy-resistant prostate cancer PC3 cells and their camptothecin-induced up-regulation. Bio-chem Biophys Res Commun, 342, 2006, 1284-1290. 

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