Luminal cells

The source of light emission. Each individual animal in a colony of Pyrosoma has two groups of luminous cells at the entrance to the branchial sac (Herring, 1978a). The luminous cells contain tubular inclusions whose identity has been a matter of dispute for nearly a century. Buchner (1914) originally suggested that the inclusions were symbiotic luminous bacteria. However, efforts to cultivate luminous bacteria from the luminous cells of Pyrosoma consistently failed. In... 

Chiba, K., Hoshi, M., Isobe, M., and Hirose, E. (1998). Bioluminescence in the tunic of the colonial ascidian Clavelina miniata identification of luminous cells in vitro. J. Exp. Zool. 281 546-553. 

The third mucosal layer is that lining the entire length of the small intestine and which represents a continuous sheet of epithelial cells. These epithelial cells (or enterocytes) are columnar in shape, and the luminal cell membrane, upon which the microvilli reside, is called the apical cell membrane. Opposite this membrane is the basal (or basolateral) plasma membrane, which is separated from the lamina propria by a basement membrane. A sketch of this cell is shown in Fig. 5. The primary function of the villi is absorption. 

A double immunohistochemical method has been used for determining the expression patterns of ER, PR, and EGF receptors in breast biopsies (Van Agthoven et al., 1994). It was demonstrated that ER/PR and EGF receptors in breast tumor cells were inversely related at the single cell level. However, the expression of these three receptors in individual normal luminal cells was not mutually exclusive. 

In vivo drug absorption is influenced not only by the hydrophilic/lipophilic properties, charge, and volume, but also by the metabolic stability of the drug. Resorption from the mucosa of the intestine is favored compared with the resorption from the stomach. The reason for this is the unique construction of the luminal cell membrane, which results in an enlarged mucosa surface of the intestine. 

The uptake of aminoglycosides into proximal renal tubular epithelial cells is limited to the luminal cell border and is saturable. Less frequent administration of doses larger than needed for saturation of this uptake may therefore reduce drug accumulation in the renal cortex (98). In vitro and in vivo data have provided evidence that partially reduced oxygen metabolites (superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radical), which are generated by renal cortical mitochondria, are important mediators of aminoglycoside-induced acute renal insufficiency (99). 

The kidney is the primary route of potassium elimination. Potassium is freely filtered with almost all of it being reabsorbed passively in the proximal tubule and the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. Therefore urinary potassium excretion is primarily determined by potassium secretion from the luminal cells of the distal tubule and collecting duct. The normal daily amount of potassium excreted in the urine is generally 40 to 90 mEq/L, but it can vary based on dietary intake, serum potassium concentration, and aldosterone activity. 

Luminous cells were grown in a seawater complete (SWC) liquid medium at about 16 °C unless otherwise specified. A 250-mL of the glowing medium in the logarithmic phase was used to measure BL emissions under various conditions of O2 concentration, pH and cell population. 

RAPID AND ONSITE BOD SENSING SYSTEM BY LUMINOUS CELLS-IMMOBILISED-CHIP... 

FIGURE 9.24 AE1/AE3 in epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma highlighting the epithelial luminal cells. (AEl-3, x200 original magnification.)... 

Prostate-specific antigen Enzyme that liquefies the seminal coagulum Present in rare basal cells mainly in secretory luminal cells... 

Asselin-Labat ML, Sutherland KD, Barker H, Thomas R, Shackleton M, Forrest NC, Hartley L, Robb L, Grosveld FG, van der Wees J, Lindeman GJ, Visvader JE. Gata-3 is an essential regulator of mammary-gland morphogenesis and luminal-cell differentiation. Nat Cell Biol 2007 9 201-209. 

Oligo-1,6-D-glucosidase-sucrose a-D-glucohydrolase ( sucrase-isomaltase ) is an intestinal membrane enzyme consisting of two active moieties, each with its hydrolytic site available for nutrient digestion at the luminal-cell interface. 

From above these results, LNCaP cells expressed the retrovirally introduced connexin32 of a connexin that is expressed by the luminal cells and well-differentiated cells of prostate tumors. 

JOHNYKUTTY, S., TANG, R, ZHAO, H., HICKS, D. G., YEH, S. WANG, X. 2009. Dual expression of alpha-tocopherol-associated protein and estrogen receptor in normal/ benign human breast luminal cells and the downregulation of alpha-tocopherol-asso-ciated protein in estrogen-receptor-positive breast carcinomas. Mod Pathol, 22, 770-5. 

Table II gives a summary of the late proximal tubule activity ratios, electrical PDs and calculated equilibrium potentials. These parameters are presented under three headings (1) across the tubular epithelium (transepithelial), (2) across the luminal cell membrane (luminal), and (3) across the peritubular cell membrane (peritubular). Whereas the transepithelial treatment is essentially one that deals with a two-compartment system, analysis across the luminal and peritubular boundaries involves a three-compartment system.

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