Lithium primary batteries advantages

One of the potential advantages of the lithium metal rechargeable batteries is their good charge retention which, in many cases, should be similar to the charge retention characteristics of the lithium primary batteries. 

Solid electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries are expected to offer several advantages over traditional, nonaqueous liquid electrolytes. A solid electrolyte would give a longer shelf life, along with an enhancement in specific energy density. A solid electrolyte may also eliminate the need for a distinct separator material, such as the polypropylene or polyethylene microporous separators commonly used in contemporary liquid electrolyte-based batteries. Solid electrolytes are also desirable over liquid electrolytes in certain specialty applications where bulk lithium-ion batteries as weU as thin-film lithium-ion batteries are needed for primary and backup power supplies for systems, devices, and individual integrated circuit chips. 

A qualitative comparison of the various primary battery systems is given in Table 7.2. This listing illustrates the performance advantages of the lithium anode batteries. Nevertheless, the conventional primary batteries, because of their low cost, availability, and generally acceptable performance in many consumer applications, still maintain a major share of the market. 

Primary lithium batteries offer these advantages as well as good low-temperature characteristics. There are many kinds of primary lithium batteries, with... 

Lithium has a number of advantages over other materials for battery manufacture. It is the lightest tme metal, and it also has a high electrochemical reduction potential, that is, it occurs at the bottom of Table 9.1. There is one disadvantage in using lithium in that it is very reactive, a feature that poses problems not only in manufacture but also in the selection of the other battery components. Despite this, there are a large number of lithium-based primary cells available, both in traditional cylindrical form and as button and flat coin cells. 

For defined applications lithium batteries show remarkable advantages if compared with traditional primary and secondary batteries. 

Primary cells using lithium anodes have many advantages over conventional batteries. The advantageous features include the following ... 

The performance advantages of several types of lithium batteries compared with conventional primary and secondary batteries, are shown in Secs. 6.4 and 7.3. The advantage of the lithium cell is shown graphically in Figs. 7.2 to 7.9, which compare the performance of the various primary cells. Only the zinc/air, zinc/mercuric oxide, and zinc/silver oxide cells, which are noted for their high energy density, approach the capability of the lithium systems at 20°C. The zinc/air cell, however, is very sensitive to atmospheric conditions the others do not compare as favorably on a specific energy basis nor at lower temperatures. 

The lithium/sulfuryl chloride (Li/S02Cl2) battery is in addition to the lithium/thionyl chloride battery, the other oxychloride that has been used for primary lithium batteries. The Li/S02Cl2 battery has two potential advantages over the Li/SOCl2 battery ... 

Other advantages of the lithium-air system are the highest theoretical specific energy (kWh/kg of active electrode materials in the cell), the cell components can be recycled, and the system offers the potential for rechargeability. Mostly work on primary (non-rechargeable) cells and some batteries have been demonstrated. Research on the rechargeable lithium-air system is ciurently a popular metal-air topic at universities and companies around the world. 

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