Sensors liquid

For example, Novasina S.A. (www.novasina.com), a Swiss company specializing in the manufacture of devices to measure humidity in air, has developed a new sensor based on the non-synthetic application of an ionic liquid. The new concept makes simple use of the close correlation between the water uptake of an ionic liquid and its conductivity increase. In comparison with existing sensors based on polymer membranes, the new type of ionic liquid sensor shows significantly faster response times (up to a factor of 2.5) and less sensitivity to cross contamination (with alcohols, for example). Each sensor device contains about 50 pi of ionic liquid, and the new sensor system became available as a commercial product in 2002. Figure 9-1 shows a picture of the sensor device containing the ionic liquid, and Figure 9-2 displays the whole humidity analyzer as commercialized by Novasina S.A.. 

Jiang, Y., Wang, A., and Kan, J., Selective uricase biosensor based on polyaniline synthesized in ionic liquid. Sensors Actuators B, 124, 529-534,2007. 

In the last years, the aim of our research was to investigate the potential of the gas and liquid sensor arrays for food authentication and quality control investigation on the freshness evolution of Italian Crescenza cheeses, characterisation and classification of honey of different botanical and geographical origin, and characterisation and classification of Italian Barbera wines. 

Dendritic polymers are used as functional thin layers. Highly branched aromatic polyesters with polar end groups show good response behaviour in gas phase and liquid sensors [46]. Ease of recycling of the expensive platinum complexes (e.g. by nanofiltration) is a positive aspect of the use of such sensor den-drimers [47]. 

Figure 3.48 Exploded schematic view of a flow-cell FPW liquid sensor. The silicon chip containing die thin silicon-nitride membrane, piezoelectric film and transducers is sandwiched between two etched silicon chips. The upper chip is a cap with fluid inlet and outlet fittings, b also provides vias for contact to a temperature-sensing polysilicon resistor deposited on the FPW chip below it. The lower chip introduces transducer contact leads and protects the underside of the membrane fitm contact with the fluid. (Hgwc courtesy of Beo Costello, Bokeley Microliulratitents, Inc.)...

It is very important that sealless pumps be flooded with liquid before starting, to avoid damage to bearings from imbalance or overheating. Entrained gases in the suction can cause immediate imbalance problems and lead to internal bearing damage. Some type of liquid sensor is recommended. Sealless pumps must not be operated deadheaded (pump liquid full with inlet and/or outlet valves closed). 

Hiac 2000 liquid particle counter provides an inexpensive means to transfer up to four channels of particle size information data from sensor to host computer system. Data can be viewed in real-time via a liquid erystal display. The 2000 interfaces to all Hiac liquid sensors including the MicroCount, submicron and HRLD laser sensors. Applications include point-of-use monitoring for corrosive chemieal delivery systems, DI water lines, wet process tools, hydraulic oil systems and parts cleaning... 

PCX interfacing Pacific Scientific liquid counter/controller interfaces Pacific Scientifics complete family of liquid sensors to their Particle Vision Online software. The iPCX is designed for online continual monitoring applications. 

Sensors Key technical problems involve materials and fabrication methods for both gas and liquid sensors opportunities for utilizing advanced microelectronics and membrane technologies are suggested for applications in environmental, industrial, and clinical systems, including in vivo monitoring of drug delivery systems. 

Recent advances in microelectronic fabrication techniques, in development of modified electrode surfaces and ion-selective membranes, and in availability of new materials give promise for development of new electrochemical sensors. For both gas and liquid sensors, the possibility of much higher sensitivity exists. Lower detection limits are possible for environmental, clinical, and general analysis situations. Sensors developed to date are primarily based on classical and relatively unsophisticated approaches. With newer methodologies and device designs, one may anticipate at least a ten-fold improvement in detection limits. 

Regardless of the wealth of research that has been performed on liquid sensors recently, so far only a few liquid sensors have made progress towards actual utilization in automotive applications. The oil condition sensor described above represents the cutting edge in automotive liquid sensing and its introduction into the market is expected for 2004. 

A liquid sensor below the bottom tray (or bottom supports) may read the vapor temperature when the level falls. This can mislead the operator or automatic controller into adding heat at a time when the heat needs cutting. In one incident (275), this induced overheating and a rapid exothermic reaction. Preventive measures include careful location of the temperature connection and/or the measures suggested in 2 above. 

Kondoh J. and Shiokawa S., A liquid sensor based on a shear horizontal SAW device, Electron. Comm. Jpn If 76, 69-82, 1993. 

Electronic noses and tongues are arrays of sensors used to characterize complex samples, with the former being arrays of gas sensors while the latter are composed of liquid sensors [1]. These devices are composed of a chemical sensing system and a pattern recognition (PR) system [usually an artificial neural network (ANN)]. The array sensing system allows different properties to be measured simultaneously [2], Each chemical, which reaches the sensor array, will produce a characteristic pattern and therefore a database of patterns will be built up for a series of chemicals [2],... 

The selection of commercially available liquid sensors was based on a survey of the literature, catalog files, and information supplied by users of this type of equipment. Every attempt was made to include all units which appeared promising for the measurement of liquid-hydrogen level. 

Above 100 psig, with some exceptions, the repeatability and response performance characteristics of the liquid sensors deteriorated. Since many explanatory notes are required to present these data, they have not been included in this paper. 

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