Nanoscale liquid chromatography

Masuda, J., Maynard, D.M., Nishimura, M., Ueda, T., Kowalak, J.A., Markey, S.P. (2005). Fully automated micro- and nanoscale one- or two-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography system for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry compatible with nonvolatile salts for ion exchange chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 1063, 57-69. 

Shen, Y., Zhao, R., Berger, S.J., Anderson, G.A., Rodriguez, N., Smith, R.D. (2002). High-efficiency nanoscale liquid chromatography coupled on-line with mass spectrometry using nanoelectrospray ionization for proteomics. Anal. Chem. 74, 4235 1249. 

M. A. Moseley, L. J. Deterding, K. B. Tomer, and J. W. Jorgenson. Nanoscale Packed-Capillary Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometry Using a Coaxial Continuous-Flow Fast Atom Bombardment Interface. Anal. Chem., 63(1991) 1467-1473. 

Bulau P, Meisen I, Schmitz T, Keller R, Peter-Katalinic J. 2004. Identification of neuropeptides from the sinus gland of the crayfish Orconectes limosus using nanoscale on-line liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Mol Cell Pro-teomics 3 558. 

Liu S, Sjovall J, Griffiths WJ. 2003. Neurosteroids in rat brain extraction, isolation, and analysis by nanoscale liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 75 5835. 

Varesio E, Rudaz S, Krause KH, Veuthey JL. 2002. Nanoscale liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis coupled to electrospray mass spectrometry for the detection of amyloid-beta peptide related to Alzheimer s disease. 

Alexander, J. N., Schultz, G. A., and Polll, J. B. (1998). Development of a nano-electrospray mass spectrometry source for nanoscale liquid chromatography and sheathless capillary electrophoresis. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 12, 1187—1191. 

Licklider, L. J., Thoreen, C. C., Peng, J. M., and Gygi, S. R, Automation of nanoscale microcapillary liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with a vented column, Analytical Chemistry 74(13), 3076-3083, 2002. 

Ishihama, Y., Proteomic LC-MS systems using nanoscale liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A 1067(1-2), 73-83, 2005. 

M. Wuhrer, C. A. M. Koeleman, A. M. Deelder, and C. H. Hokke, Normal-phase nanoscale liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of underivatized oligosaccharides at low-femtomole sensitivity, Anal. Chem., 76 (2004) 833-838. 

Moseley, M. A. Deterding, L. J. Tomer, K. B. Jorgenson, J. W. 1991. Nanoscale packed-capillary liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry using a coaxial continuous-flow fast atom bombardment interface. Anal. Chem., 63,1467-1473. 

Wang F, Weidt S, Xu J, Mackay CL, Langridge-Smith PRR, Sadler PJ (2008) Identification of clusters from reactions of ruthenium arene anticancer complex with glutathione using nanoscale liquid chromatography fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry combined with 180-labeling. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 19 544-549... 

Nanoscale liquid chromatography (nano-LC) using RP separation materials is the default choice for LC-MS of peptides from proteome digests. Nano-LC has excellent sensitivity using 50-100 pm diameter columns and 200-300 nL/min flow rates (166). An all-inclusive definition for nano-LC is an LC that separates nanoliter amounts of sample, with nanoliter amounts of mobile phase, and yields detection limits in the range of nanograms per milliliter (167). 

Licklider, L.J. Thoreen, C.C. Peng, J. Gygi, S.P. Automation of Nanoscale Microcapillary Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry with a Vented Column, Anal. Chem. 74, 3076-3083 (2002). 

Parker, C.E. Perkins, J.R. Tomer, K.B. Shida, Y. O Hara, K. Kono, M. Application of Nanoscale Packed Capillary Liquid Chromatography (75 pm id) and Capillary Zone Electrophoresis/Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry to the Analysis of Macrolide Antibiotics, J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 3,563-574 (1992). 

Chervet J P, Ursem M (1996). Instrumental requirements for nanoscale liquid chromatography. Anal. Chem. 68 1507-1512. 

In recent years, there has been a trend to develop ever smaller liquid chromatography systems. LC systems on micro and even nanoscales have been demonstrated. Shorter and smaller columns with smaller particles offer faster analysis times, decreased solvent consumption and require less sample. The differences between preparative, analytical, micro and nano LC are summarised in Table 2.2. 

In this study, K46 cells (5 x 10 ) were lysed in cell lysis buffer and immunoaffinity purified, as described above. Shown in Figure 1.3 is a gel separation of proteins from a representative preparation, suggesting the presence of many potentially complexed proteins. Bound proteins were eluted from the beads with citric acid and pH was neutralized with Tris. Following in-solution digestion, -30% of the sample was analyzed by nanoscale liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nano-LC/... 

This protocol describes a procedure for the identification of PTM by HNE to reveal protein targets and specific sites of covalent attachment. Identification is performed by combining proteolytic digestion followed by SPH enrichment and nanoscale liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS).The modified proteins are subjected to reduction, alkylation, and subsequent digestion by a proteolytic enzyme. The peptides thus obtained are desalted and the substoichiometric quantities of HNE-modified peptides are fractionated from unmodified species using hydrazide-coated glass beads-based enrichment technique that selectively captures peptide carbonyls (as hydrazones) that are subsequently... 

High-performance nanoscale liquid chromatography system (Eksigent [Dublin, CA] nano-LC or equivalent), equipped with autosampler IntegraFrit sample trap, 25 mm x 75 pm internal diameter (i.d.) (New Objective [Woburn, MA]) or equivalent preconcentration column PepMap C18 analytical column, 150 mm x 75 pm i.d., 3 pm particle size, 100 A pore size (LC Packings, San Francisco, CA) or equivalent nano-LC column packed with octadecylsiUca particles. 

Bile acids, alcohols, and side-chain-shortened steroids have been extensively analyzed by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) [1-3].The mobile phase usually features water/ methanol or water/acetonitrile containing an organic acid or buffer. As ESI is a concentration-dependent process, maximum sensitivity is obtained with high-concentration, low-volume samples run at low flow rate [26,27]. We have extensively used low-flow-rate LC-ESI-MS to achieve maximum sensitivity for steroid analysis [26], and with the advent of reliable nanoscale liquid chromatography (nano-LC) equipment, this form... 

Fu, Q., Goy, M. F., li, L. (2005) Identification of neuropeptides fi om the decapod crustacean sinus glands using nanoscale liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Biothem Biophys Res Commun, 337, 765-778. 

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