Line differential

Fig. XVIII-11. Calorimetric differential heat of adsorption of H2 on ZnO. Dashed line differential heat of desorption. (From Ref. 104.)...

Mhatre, R. and Krull, I. S., Determination of on-line differential refractive index and molecular weight via gradient HPLC interfaced with low-angle laser light-scattering, ultraviolet, and refractive index detection, Anal. Chem., 65, 283, 1993. 

Van Langendonck, N., Bottreau, E., Bailly, S., Tabouret, M., Marly, J., Pardon, P., and Verge, P. (1998). Tissue culture assays using Caco-2 cell line differentiate virulent from non-virulent Listeria monocytogenes strains. /. Appl. Microbiol. 85, 337-346. 

Fernandez-Martinez AB, Collado B, Bajo AM, Sanchez-Chapado M, Prieto JC, Carmena MJ. 2007. Vasoactive intestinal peptide induces cyclooxygenase-2 expression through nuclear factor-kappaB in human prostate cell lines Differential time-dependent responses in cancer progression. Mol Cell Endocrinol 270 8-16. 

The key to successful transfection is careful optimization of reaction conditions for each individual cell type. Cells of a lower passage number typically respond better to transfection and ensure higher efficiency than those with higher passage number. Also, some cell lines differentiate and change their features after many passages. Conversely, it is best to allow cells to settle down into... 

A quantitative study of the electro-oxidation of ethanol on carbon-supported Pt, PtRu and PtsSn catalysts was made by Behm and co-woikers " nsing combined voltarmnetric and on-line Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry measnrements (DEMS). 

Finally, the combined voltammetric and on-line differential electrochemical mass spectrometry measnrements allow a quantitative approach of the ethanol oxidation reaction, giving the partial current efficiency for each product, the total number of exchanged electrons and the global product yields of the reaction. But, it is first necessary to elucidate the reaction mechanism in order to propose a coherent analysis of the DBMS results. In the example exposed previously, it is necessary to state on the reaction products in order to evaluate the data relative to acetic acid production which cannot be directly detected by DBMS measurements. However, experiments carried out at high ethanol concentration (0.5 mol L" ) confirmed the presence of the ethyl acetate ester characterized by the presence of fragments at m/z = 61, 73 and 88 at ratios typical of the ethyl acetate mass spectrum. " This ethyl acetate ester is formed by the following chemical reaction between the electrochemically formed acetic acid and ethanol (Bq. 29) and confirms the formation of acetic acid. 

Among the adverse effects of statins, rhabdomyolysis is considered to be a rare but significant one [30]. Global gene expression analysis of two skeletal muscle cell lines (differentiated rat L6 myo-tubes and a human skeletal muscle cell line) treated with statins... 

Fig. 2 Human pluripotent stem cells (NT2 cell line) differentiated in neuronal culture (96DIV). Groups of neurons are linked by the dense network of neurites, positively stained against NF-200 (green) with cell nuclei co-stained by DAPI...

Fig. 3. Four-line differential condensation TVA system [15]. 1, heated sample 2, 3, 4, 5 stopcocks (large bore, right-angle type) 6, 7, 8, 9, initial cold traps 10, 11, 12, 13, Pirani gauge heads 14, main cold trap 15, exhaust Pirani gauge head 16, 17, product collection points.

But, as was noted earlier, off-line differentiation can be an accurate process, and so the fact that we have the inferred-state histories, Z, means that we may deduce their derivatives, dzi/dr. We may use this fact to restate our problem as the need to satisfy the equation ... 

Elferink, F. van der Vjjgh, W.J. Pinedo, H.M. On-line differential pulse polarographic detection of carboplatin in biological samples after chromatographic separation. Anal.Chem., 1986, 58, 2293-2296... 

NB2a mouse neuroblastoma cell line differentiated with dBcAMP (Fowler et aL 2001)... 

NB4I43 mouse neuroblastoma and SK.-N-SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell lines differentiated with retinoic acid (Ehrich etal.. J997)... 

Methanol electrooxidation and ethanol electrooxidation are complex reactions occurring in a pattern of parallel reaction pathways (Fig. 1.1) [5-14]. Although detailed reaction mechanisms remain obscure, a number of reaction intermediates and products have been identified by spectroscopic methods such as in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), on-line differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (OEMS), and other techniques [6, 12-14]. 

Measuring density by differential pressure is a frequently used technique. This method is frequently used in the pulp and paper industry to measure and control density of green liquor, heavy black liquor, clay or starch slurries, lime slurries, and lime-mud slurries. The flanged differential pressure transmitter is preferred for direct connection to the process otherwise lead lines to the transmitter can become plugged by process material solidifying in the lines. Differential pressure transmitters are more frequently used on feed density than on final density measurements. 

Fig. 7 Capacity and intensity of elastically scattered light from a Au(l 11) electrode with C180H adsorbed as a single (a) and double (b) touch layers. The incident light was 550 nm and s-polarized (dotted line) differential capacity for the film free interface, (solid or dashed lines) differential capacities for the film covered electrode. The relative scales for the scattered light intensity are shown in the figure. Supporting electrolyte 0.05 M KCIO4...

With Lothar Mayring. Uber die analoge on-line-Differentiation hdherer Ordnung zur Feinauf-lOsung von UV-Visible-Spektren und anderen elektrischen MelJsignalen . Fresenius Z. Anal Chem., 292, (1978) 233. 

Pt-Sn/C catalysts with 10-20 at. % of Sn exhibited best activity at low potentials. Results from Jiang et al. [68] showed that the ft-SnOx/C catalyst with 30 at.% of Sn was the most active among four different Pt/Sn ratios. An integrated surface science and electrochemistry study of the SnOx/Pt(lll) model catalysts indicate a volcano dependence of the EOR activity on the surface composition, with the maximum at the SnOx coverage of 37 % [69]. Despite the improved overall EOR activity of optimized Pt- n system, on-line differential electrochemical mass spectroscopy (OEMS) studies have shown that acetic acid and acetaldehyde represent the dominant products with CO2 formation contributing only 1-3 % [68]. 

Ranaldi, G. Consalvo, R. et al. (2003). "Permeability characteristics of parental and clonal human intestinal Caco-2 cell lines differentiated in serum-supplemented and serum-free media." Toxicol In Vitro, 17(5-6), 761-7. 

Figure 1 UVA is spectra of (a) SBR flooring and (b) NR flooring before (dashed line) and after aging (full line). Differential absorbance spectra for SBR (c) and NR (d) floorings (nonaged flooring is taken as the reference).

A more complicated version of the same apparatus has been used as a detection device for column chromatography [32]. In one example, an in-line differential viscometer was used together with a differential refractometer to measure the relative viscosity and the concentration, respectively. Because of the very low polymer concentrations, extrapolation to infinite dilution is not needed. 

---