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Ventricular failure, left

Discuss heart failure in relationship to left ventricular failure, right ventricular failure, neurohormonal activity, and treatment options. [Pg.357]

Enalaprilat 1.25-5 mg every 6 hours 1 5-30 minutes 6-12 hours Precipitous fall in pressure in high-renin states variable response Acute left ventricular failure avoid in acute myocardial infarction... [Pg.28]

STE and NSTE ACS, class I recommendation in all patients without contraindications for oral P-blockers, class I (NSTE ACS) and I la (STE ACS) for IV P-blockers, class lib recommendation for patients with moderate left ventricular failure with signs of heart failure provided they can be closely monitored. [Pg.94]

Left ventricular failure with congestive heart failure... [Pg.94]

The most common cause of acute respiratory failure in COPD is acute exacerbation of bronchitis with an increase in sputum volume and viscosity. This serves to worsen obstruction and further impair alveolar ventilation, resulting in worsening hypoxemia and hypercapnia. Additional causes are pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, left ventricular failure, pneumothorax, and CNS depressants. [Pg.936]

IV Relief of severe pain pain of Ml used preoperatively to sedate the patient and allay apprehension, facilitate anesthesia induction, and reduce anesthetic dosage control postoperative pain relieve anxiety and reduce left ventricular work by reducing preload pressure treatment of dyspnea associated with acute left ventricular failure and pulmonary edema produce anesthesia for open-heart surgery. [Pg.843]

Ml Exercise caution in the IV use of pentazocine for patients with acute Ml accompanied by hypertension or left ventricular failure. Use the oral form with caution in Ml patients who have nausea or vomiting. [Pg.892]

Marchionni N, Schneeweiss A, Di Bari M, Ferrucci L, Moschi G, Salani B et al. Age-related hemodynamic effects of intravenous nitroglycerin for acnte myocardial infarction and left ventricular failure. Am J Cardiol... [Pg.223]

You are on a plane and are asked to see a 65 year old man in response to a request from the cabin crew. The man is sitting, unconscious, pale and sweating with a thready irregular pulse. A very anxious wife says that he had a myocardial infarct 4 weeks previously, and this his first time out and about since then. You ask the wife for more details, and then ask to lay the patient flat in the aisle. Another doctor who has heard the first part of the story claims that you will kill the patient who clearly must have left ventricular failure. [Pg.231]

All of the above make postural hypotension a possibility. Moreover, you can examine the patient better when he is flat, and left ventricular failure is not usually rapidly fatal because the patient is flat for a while, even though they may feel better sitting upright. [Pg.231]

Sodium nitroprusside is used in the management of hypertensive crisis. Although it is effective in every form of hypertension because of its relatively favorable effect on cardiac performance, sodium nitroprusside has special importance in the treatment of severe hypertension with acute myocardial infarction or left ventricular failure. Because the drug reduces preload (by venodila-tion) and after load (by arteriolar dilation), it improves ventricular performance and in fact is sometimes used in patients with refractory heart failure, even in the absence of hypertension. [Pg.231]

The usual cause of pulmonary edema is acute left ventricular failure. The sequelae of events after left heart failure roughly follow the pattern of reduced stroke volume, leading to increased end-systolic and diastolic volume, which elevates left ventricular end-diastolic pres-... [Pg.252]

In the suppression of cough and dyspnea (due to left ventricular failure and pulmonary edema). [Pg.78]

Adverse effects include sedation, ataxia, dizziness and extrapyramidal side effects, dry mouth, blurred vision and urinary retention hepatic damage, bone marrow depression, hypertension, left ventricular failure and cardiovascular collapse in toxic doses. [Pg.107]

Digitalis is used in chronic pure, left ventricular failure with hypertension and ischemic heart disease. [Pg.173]

Intravenous Unstable angina, coronary vaso-spasm, left ventricular failure accompanying MI, hypertension and during cardiac surgery. [Pg.187]

IV administration of furosemide produces prompt relief in acute pulmonary edema (acute left ventricular failure, following myocardial infarction). This is due to the vasodilator action that precedes the saluretic action. [Pg.206]

Contraindications to the use of 3 blockers are asthma and other bronchospastic conditions, severe bradycardia, atrioventricular blockade, bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome, and severe unstable left ventricular failure. Potential complications include fatigue, impaired exercise tolerance, insomnia, unpleasant dreams, worsening of claudication, and erectile dysfunction. [Pg.264]

Cardiovascular Effects. A 56-year-old female gardener, dermally exposed to spilled diazinon of unknown purity, developed sinus tachycardia with no evidence of infarction and showed increased cardiac enzyme (serum glutamate oxalate transaminase, total lactate dehydrogenase creatine phosphokinase) levels. The victim was diagnosed on discharge with acute left ventricular failure (Lee 1989). [Pg.83]

Certain forms of dyspnea yield only to opiates. Especially in this category is the dyspnea of acute left ventricular failure and pulmonary edema. Most authorities agree that morphine is contraindicated in patients with pulmonary edema caused by chemical respiratory irritants. If needed in such cases for severe pain, its use should be combined with oxygen inhalation and positive-pressure therapy. In bronchial asthma, morphine is usually contraindicated because there is danger of addiction, the drug tends to depress respiration and to constrict bronchioles, and patients with asthma may be allergic to the drug. Deaths have occurred from the use of morphine in asthma. [Pg.458]

The relief produced by intravenous morphine in dyspnea from pulmonary edema associated with left ventricular failure is remarkable. The mechanism is not clear but probably involves reduced perception of shortness of breath and reduced patient anxiety as well as reduced cardiac preload (reduced venous tone) and afterload (decreased peripheral resistance). Morphine can be particularly useful when treating painful myocardial ischemia with pulmonary edema. [Pg.706]

Longabaugh JP, Vatner DE, Vatner SF, Homey CJ. 1988. Decreased stimulatory guanosine triphosphate binding protein in dogs with pressure-overload left ventricular failure. J Clin Invest 81 420—424. [Pg.24]

Hypertensive emergency is a rare, but life-threatening situation in which the diastolic blood pressure is either over 150 mm Hg (with systolic blood pressure greater than 210 mm Hg) in an otherwise healthy person, or 130 mm Hg in an individual with preexisting complications, such as encephalopathy, cerebral hemorrhage, left ventricular failure, or aortic stenosis. The therapeutic goal is to rapidly reduce blood pressure. [Pg.202]

Demographic ncreasing age Previous medicai history Cerebrovascular disease Ischemic heart disease Congestive cardiac failure Left ventricular failure Peripheral vascular disease Diabetes Hypertension Smoking Event Territory... [Pg.218]

Cardiovascular system. Both caffeine and theophylline directly stimulate the myocardium and cause increased cardiac output, tachycardia and sometimes ectopic beats and palpitations. This effect occurs almost at once after i.v. injection and lasts half an hour. Theophylline contributes usefuUy to the relief of acute left ventricular failure. There is peripheral (but not cerebral) vasodilatation due to a direct action of the drugs on the blood vessels, but stimulation of the vasomotor centre tends to counter this. Changes in the blood pressure are therefore somewhat unpredictable, but caffeine 250 mg (single dose) usually causes a transient rise of blood pressure of about 14/10 mmHg in occasional coffee drinkers (but has no additional effect in habitual drinkers) this effect can be used advantageously in patients with autonomic nervous system failure who experience postprandial hypotension (2 cups of coffee with breakfast may suffice for the day). In occasional coffee drinkers 2 cups of coffee (about 160 mg caffeine) per day raise blood pressure by 5/4 mmHg. Increased coronary artery blood flow may occur but increased cardiac work counterbalances this in angina pectoris. [Pg.195]

Morphine, by a central action, impairs sympathetic vascular reflexes (causing veno- and arteriolar dilatation) and stimulates the vagal centre (bradycardia) it also releases histamine (vasodilatation). These effects are ordinarily unimportant, but they can be beneficial in acute left ventricular failure, relieving mental distress by tranquillising, cardiac distress by reduction of sympathetic drive and preload (by venodilatation), and respiratory distress by rendering the centre insensitive to afferent stimuli from the congested lungs. [Pg.335]

Relief of dyspnoea in acute left ventricular failure, and in terminal cancer... [Pg.336]


See other pages where Ventricular failure, left is mentioned: [Pg.593]    [Pg.628]    [Pg.45]    [Pg.46]    [Pg.27]    [Pg.39]    [Pg.60]    [Pg.919]    [Pg.95]    [Pg.162]    [Pg.78]    [Pg.173]    [Pg.212]    [Pg.97]    [Pg.920]    [Pg.445]    [Pg.168]    [Pg.166]    [Pg.463]    [Pg.253]    [Pg.195]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.46 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.57 ]




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LEFT

Left ventricular

Ventricular

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