Lead acetate oxidant

In addition, lead acetates may be present as residual intermediate compormds in the formation of lead carbonates species known include lead(II) acetate trihydrate (Pb(CH3C02)2.3H20) and lead acetate oxide hydrate (Pb(CH3C02)2.2Pb0.H20 and Pb3(CH3C02)6.Pb0.H20). 

Lead Organo-lead compounds Lead acetate oxide hydrate... 

Strike got the journal article for this recipe as literature citation used in the original Wacker oxidation Strike used for Method 2. In it both mercuric acetate, and to an extent, lead acetate produced ketones as described. Someone-Who-ls-Not-Strike also got a certain ketone. But maybe they were lucky or just plain wrong. Most people on Strike s site say this mercuric acetate thing... 

PbF2 is readily prepared by the action of hydrogen fluoride on lead hydroxide, lead carbonate, or a-lead oxide. It can also be obtained by precipitation from lead nitrate or lead acetate solutions using potassium fluoride, ammonium fluoride, or ammonium bifluoride. 

Acid Oxidation. Reactions of lead with acid and alkaUes are varied. Nitric acid, the best solvent for lead, forms lead nitrate acetic acid forms soluble lead acetate in the presence of oxygen sulfuric acid forms insoluble lead sulfate. Sulfuric acid is stored in containers with chemical or acid-grade lead. Lead dissolves slowly in HCl, but in the presence of aqueous alkaUes forms soluble plumbites and plumbates. 

Sodium thiosulfate is determined by titration with standard iodine solution (37). Sulfate and sulfite are determined together by comparison of the turbidity produced when barium chloride is added after the iodine oxidation with the turbidity produced by a known quantity of sulfate iu the same volume of solution. The absence of sulfide is iadicated when the addition of alkaline lead acetate produces no color within one minute. 

Blei-asche, /. lead dross lead ash the gray film of oxide on lead exposed to air. -aus-kleidung, /. lead lining. -azetat, n. lead acetate, -bad, n. lead bath, -bauzn, m. lead tree, arbor aaturni. 

Even with the highly reactive dienophile cyclohepta-2,6-dien-4-ynone, generated from 1-aminocycloheptatriazol-6-(1 H)-one by lead(IV) acetate oxidation, only the adduct of benzene oxide 3 can be isolated.231... 

Lead(II) phthalocyanine can be prepared by heating lead(II) oxide with the respective phthalonitrile without solvent150-159 or in 1-chloronaphthatene.154 Addition of anhydrous lead(II) acetate to a solution of dilithium phthalocyanine in anhydrous alcohol gives a precipitate of lead phthalocyanine.59 Lead phthalocyanine can also be obtained by electrosynthesis.160... 

Oxidation of 2,3-dimethylquinoxaline (from phenylenediamine and diacetyl) with either peracids or hydrogen peroxide in acetic acid gives the 1,4-dioxide (162). Treatment of this bis-N-oxide with selenium dioxide leads to oxidation of one of the methyl groups to the methyl carbinol and formation of... 

Paper tapes impregnated with lead acetate have been widely used for air sample measurements of hydrogen sulfide in the field (EPA 1978 WHO 1981). The presence of other substances capable of oxidizing lead sulfide can lead to errors. This method has been improved by impregnating the paper with... 

Hydroxylation at C-5 or C-l3 has also been successfully achieved by lead tetraacetate oxidation, which was extensively studied in connection with isoquinoline alkaloids by Umezawa s group. (+)-Govanine (96) and (+)-discretine (97) were oxidized with lead tetraacetate in acetic acid to afford 5-acetoxy products 100,101, and 102 via p-quinol acetates (e.g., 99) (Scheme 23)... 

Lead tetraacetate oxidation was applied to construct a benzo[c]-phenanthridine skeleton. The Hofmann degradation product 224 derived from the phenolic protoberberine 59a was oxidized with lead tetraacetate to afford the p-quinol acetate 225, which was cyclized to the benzo[c]-... 

Two intermediate-duration studies in rats in which lead was administered mixed in the food as acetate, oxide, sulfide, and lead contaminated soil identified NOAELS of 5 mg lead/kg/day (Dieter et al. 1993) and 6.4 mg lead/kg/day (Freeman et al. 1996) for food intake for all lead forms tested. These doses were the highest doses tested. A 90-day study in rats reported no effects of lead exposure on water intake in rats administered doses of approximately 38 mg lead/kg/day as acetate via drinking water (Kala and Jadhav 1995a). In contrast, rats given a much higher dose of lead acetate in the water (0.6% corresponding to approximately 502 mg lead/kg/day) for 14-50 days showed a 17-20% decrease in water intake (Ronis et al. 1996). 

Lead continues to be used in pigments. For example, lead chromate and lead oxide are used in paints, and lead acetate is used in hair dyes. 

Dieter MP, Matthews HB, Jeffcoat RA, et al. 1993. Comparison of lead bioavailability in F344 rats fed lead acetate, lead oxide, lead sulfide, or lead ore concentrate from Skagway, Alaska. J Toxicol Environ Health 39 79-93. 

Melroy and co-workers88 recently reported on the EXAFS spectrum of Pb underpotentially deposited on silver (111). In this case, no Pb/Ag scattering was observed and this was ascribed to the large Debye-Waller factor for the lead as well as to the presence of an incommensurate layer. However, data analysis as well as comparison of the edge region of spectra for the underpotentially deposited lead, lead foil, lead acetate, and lead oxide indicated the presence of oxygen from either water or acetate (from electrolyte) as a backscatterer. 

The compound (formulated as the double salt, (fuel + oxidant), rather than the mixed salt) may be formed during the preparation of lead bromate from lead acetate and... 

Unexpected formation of the oxoadamantane skeleton is observed during a series of transformations of the alkaloid lycopoline 153 lead tetraacetate oxidation of the alcohol (131) gives a 90% yield of the oxaadamantane (132), which is opened to 133 with boron trifluoride in acetic anhydride and re-cyclized to 132 with aqueous hydrogen bromide. 

Quinoline Salicylic acid Silicon Dinitrogen tetroxide, linseed oil, maleic anhydride, thionyl chloride Iodine, iron salts, lead acetate Alkali carbonates, calcium, chlorine, cobalt(II) fluoride, manganese trifluoride, oxidants, silver fluoride, sodium-potassium alloy... 

Another study on the electrosynthesis of (alkyl) M compounds (M = Ge, Pb, Sn n = 2, 4) provides illustrative examples37. Sacrificial cathodes of Cd, Zn and Mg were used to produce the corresponding metal alkyls which are subsequently oxidized on sacrificial anodes of Ge, Sn and Pb. The cells are of very simple construction, with the proper metal electrodes. Diethylcadmium is utilized in this way for the manufacture of tetraethyllead from lead acetate and triethylaluminum in the following reaction sequence ... 

This work was extended to include the lead tetraacetate oxidation of methyl esters of meta- and para-substituted mandelic acids183,184 shown in equation 121. A kinetic study by Banerjee and collaborators showed the kinetic dependence on the ester concentration changed from second order in 1% (v/v) acetic acid in benzene to first order when the solvent contained more than 10% (v/v) acetic acid. These workers observed a significant decrease in AH (from 82.9 to 53.6 kcalmol-1) and in AS (from —5.84 to —35.6 e.u.) when the solvent composition was changed from 1% acetic acid to greater than or equal to 10% acetic acid in benzene. 

Bischof An obsolete process for making white lead (basic lead carbonate), invented by G. Bischof around 1900. Lead monoxide was reduced by the carbon monoxide in water-gas to form black lead suboxide, oxidized in damp air to lead hydroxide, slurried in dilute acetic acid, and carbonated with carbon dioxide. Piloted in Willsden, London, and commercialized by L. Mond in the Brimsdown White Lead Company. A sample of Bischof s white lead was used by Holman Hunt in his painting Light of the World, now in St. Paul s Cathedral, London. 

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