Laurel family

Zeylanicum. The second type of cinnamon is the dried inner bark of the shoots of the tree Cinnamonium lanicum Nees, a moderately sized coppiced evergreen bush of the laurel family cultivated in Sri Lanka. The bark is stripped, roUed into quills, dried, and then shipped in large bundles. The aroma and flavor of the lanicum type, which contains eugenol as well as cinnamic aldehyde, is much milder than the cassia type. 

SASSAFRAS -- Sassafras officinale albidum. Family Laureaceae (Laurel family). 

Cinnamon is the inner bark of a small evergreen tree, Cinnomomum zeylan-icum or C. verum, which is in the laurel family. Cassia (C. aromaticum) and camphor (C. camphora) are other members of this genus. The bark, leaves, and sometimes whole stems from these trees are also used as a spice. Cassia is sometimes called bastard cinnamon because it is produced in greater quantities, but is less aromatic than true cinnamon. All of these spices have been combined with resin and vegetable soils to produce fragrant oils and incense. Cinnamon and other similar fragrant bark powders have been used medicinally to treat many ailments, from kidney disease to snakebite. 

The leaves, stems, and roots of most species in the laurel family are aromatic. The leaves are typically alternate, rather than opposite, to one another on the stem. The leaves are simple in that they consist of a single blade. The California laurel (JJmbellularia californica) and most tropical species in the Lauraceae have persistent leaves, which remain attached to the plant after they are no longer functional. Other species such as sassafras (Sassafras albidum) and spice bush (Lindera benzoin) have seasonally deciduous leaves, which fall off in the autumn, after they become nonfunctional. 

The avocado (Persea americana), also known as the alligator pear, is one of the best known and most economically important species of the laurel family. Avocado is native to tropical regions of the Caribbean, Mexico, and South America. Many different races and varieties are cultivated in southern France, South Africa, Mexico,... 

Laurie acid n-dodecanoic acid, CHj-(CH2)u -COOH, one of the most widespread fatty adds, a typical wax fatty add, M, 200.3, m.p. 44 C, b.p.ioo 225°C.L.a. is present esterified in the seed fats of the laurel family (Lauraceae), and makes up 52% of the fatty acids in palm seed oil, 48% in coconut fat,... 

Medium chain fatty adds (Cg-Cjj) are present, usually as minor components, in milk fat triacylglycerols (Table 3.8). They are not found in the majority of vegetable oils, with a few exceptions. A high content of these fatty adds, especially of lauric acid, which is accompanied by other adds, is found in palm seed oils (of the pahn family, Arecaceae), such as coconut and palm kernel oil (Table 3.9) and seed oik of the Laurel family of plants (Lauraceae). Coconut... 

The Avocado belongs to the laurel family, Lauraceae, which also includes cinnamon, camphor, and sassafras. 

The family Lauraceae consists of 50 genera and 2000 species of trees, shrubs, and herbs, of which 70 are of medicinal value in the Asia-Pacific region. Lauraceae are well-known for elaborating isoquinoline alkaloids and sesquiterpenes, the latter most likely representing a vast source of material for the search for NOS. Examples of such compounds are costunolide and dehydrocostunolide found in the leaves of Laurus nobilis (bay leaf, laurel), the leaves of which are widely used as a spice, antiseptic, stomachic, and to treat rheumatism in traditional European medicine (58). The potential of Neolitsea zeylanica Nees (Merr.) as a potential source of NOS inhibitor is discussed here. 

The laurels are a family of flowering plants known to botanists as the Lauraceae. Lauraceae contains about 45 genera and 2,0(X) species, and is the most diverse family in... 

The best known species is Laurus nob ills, a Mediterranean shrub used by the ancient Greeks to decorate the head of victors in the Pythian games, which led to modem phrases such as poet laureate and Nobel laureate. Additional well-known species include avocado, California laurel, sassafras, and cinnamon tree. American gardeners often refer to Kalmia latifolia as mountain laurel, and to Rhododendron maximum as great laurel, despite the fact that both of these shrubs are in the Ericaceae family, and are unrelated to the true laurels of the Lauraceae. 

The California laurel (Umbellularia californica) is a woody plant which grows from southern California to southern Oregon, and is the only species of this family native to the western United States. It has evergreen, aromatic, elliptical leaves. Under optimal conditions, it grows as a tree and reaches 150 ft (46 m) or so in height, and is shrub-like in appearance. The wood of the California laurel is fine textured, and is sometimes used to manufacture veneer, furniture, and wooden novelties. 

Representative Chemicals Azalea Rhododendron Synonyms Rhododendron catabiense, Ericaceae (heath) family Catawba rhododendron-. Mountain rosebay Purple laurel Rhodora Rosa Laurel Rosebay... 

CHERRY LAUREL Prunus lauroccrasus, L., Family Amygdalaceae, is cultivated in Western Europe as ornamental shrub. It is mainly the leaves but also buds, bark and seeds which are poisonous due to the occurrence of cyanoge-netic glycosides. The symptoms can include delayed nausea, vomiting and palpitation of the heart. In serious cases respiratory depression, unconsciousness and spasms occur. 

In the present chapter, the term transferrin , introduced forty-nine years ago by Laurell and Ingelman [17], will concern any protein possessing the characteristics above listed in section 1.1. Consequently, all of the compounds we describe possess, as a trade-mark, this common root in their name, according to Williams [18] who wrote on the chaotic nomenclature of the group All members of the group should carry the same family name. Such names as conalbumin, lactoferrin, p97 and sciatin are not acceptable . 

In the meantime, in 1947, Laurell and Ingelman[17] had independently purified the red protein from pig plasma and in the same year proposed the name transferrin which has since been adopted as the generic name of the proteins of this family serotransferrin (instead of siderophilin) present in blood and some external secretions, ovotransferrin (instead of conalbumin) in avian egg-white, lactotransferrin (also called lactoferrin) from milk, external secretions and leukocytes and melanotransferrin (instead of p97) in melanocyte and normal cell plasma membrane. A dozen mammalian and some frog, fish and insect serotransferrins were later isolated and characterized. 

Since the days of ancient Rome, cyanide and the derivatives of this highly toxic substance have been used as weapons.1 Nero used cherry laurel water, which contains cyanide as its chief toxic component, to poison members of his family and others who displeased him. Napoleon III proposed the use of cyanides to enhance the effectiveness of his soldiers bayonets during the Franco-Prussian War. 

Examples of plants that have oil cells are laurel and cinnamon of the family Lanraceae and lemon, orange, and other citrus plants of the family Rutacae. 

You are to synthesize the ethyl ester of lauric add in Experiment [8A]. Laurie acid, CH3(CH2)ioC02H (dodecanoic acid), is one of the four most common fatty acids found in naturally occurring triglycerides. It is named for the laurel botanical family from which it was first isolated in 1842. It is the most abundant of the fatty acids isolated from the vegetable oils of palm kernel oil (52%), the seed fat of Elaeis guineensis of coconut oil (48%), Cocos nucifera and of babassu oil (A6%), Attalea funifera. 

This berry type of fruit grows on viney plants that belong to the heath family Ericaceae, which also includes bilberries, blueberries, huckleberries, and certain nonedible plants such as azaleas, heathers, mountain laurel, and rhododendrons. 

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