Fragrant oils

Many esters occur naturally Those of low molecular weight are fairly volatile and many have pleasing odors Esters often form a significant fraction of the fragrant oil of fruits and flowers The aroma of oranges for example contains 30 different esters along with 10 carboxylic acids 34 alcohols 34 aldehydes and ketones and 36 hydrocarbons... 

Dnft-loslgkeit, /. lack of odor, -dl, n. fragrant oil, perfume ou. 

Used tires create serious environmental problems, because they do not degrade easily and they release noxious contaminants when they bum. Recently, a process has been developed that breaks tires down into a polyisoprene oil that can then be further decomposed into limonene. The yield of limonene is only a few percent, but if this process can be made more efficient it may become possible to turn ugly, smelly old tires into fragrant oil of lemon. 

One of the distinguishing features of liverworts is their capacity to produce a variety of volatile, often very fragrant, oils that occur in oil bodies distributed over much of the surface of the organism. Several of these volatile compounds figure prominently in defining geographically different chemotypes in several countries. Toyota et al. (1997) examined 280 specimens of C. conicum collected at Kamikatsu-cho and Katsuura-cho, both Katsuura-gun, Tokushima. Three chemotypes were identified based upon their major components. Chemotype-I-accumulated (-)-sabinene [420], chemotype-II-accumulated (H-)-bomyl acetate [421], and chemotype III was characterized by methyl cinnamate [422] (see Pig. 5.4 for structures). In addition to a number of compounds known from previous studies of C. conicum, three... 

Epichlorohydrin Perchlorate (called ei-Uber-chlorsaureester des-y chlor-propylenglykol in Get), Cl.CH2.CH(0H).CH2C104 mw 192.99 viscous si fragrant oil, deflgr when heated in a flame and explodes violently on impact. Its expl effect is greater than that of NG. 

Citron.—The flowers of this plant—citrus tnedica— give, by distillation, a fragrant oil, which is much in demand for the manufacture of Cologne-water. 

The Frensh lavender—l. spiea—ako yields a fragrant oil and water by distillation but they are very far inferior to those from the preceding species. The oil of this latter plant is called the oil of spike. 

Benzaldehyde is a fragrant oil. If stored in an uncapped bottle, this compound will slowly transform into benzoic acid along the surface. Is this an oxidation or a reduction ... 

Salicylaldehyde—Colourless fragrant oil, soluble in water miscible in all proportions with alcohol and ether B.P. 196-5° solidifies to large crystals at 0° D.1-172. 

The Gcraniaceac have wide distribution in both the temperate and tropical regions of both hemispheres. The family is known for its ornamentals and fragrant oils. 

This is a well-known, subcosinopolilan family especially of warm temperate regions. Many of our common fruits, fragrant oils, and popular garden plants are found in this family. 

Monoterpenoids have been isolated from the fragrant oils of many plants and are important in the perfumery and flavor industry. A number of these dietary monoterpenoids have chemopreventive activity [33,34]. 

Cinnamon is the inner bark of a small evergreen tree, Cinnomomum zeylan-icum or C. verum, which is in the laurel family. Cassia (C. aromaticum) and camphor (C. camphora) are other members of this genus. The bark, leaves, and sometimes whole stems from these trees are also used as a spice. Cassia is sometimes called bastard cinnamon because it is produced in greater quantities, but is less aromatic than true cinnamon. All of these spices have been combined with resin and vegetable soils to produce fragrant oils and incense. Cinnamon and other similar fragrant bark powders have been used medicinally to treat many ailments, from kidney disease to snakebite. 

Terpenes are a diverse family of compounds with carbon skeletons composed of five-carbon isopentyl (isoprene) units. Terpenes are commonly isolated from the essential oils of plants the fragrant oils that are concentrated from plant material by steam distillation. The term essential oils literally means oils derived from the essence of plants. They often have pleasant tastes or aromas, and they are widely used as flavorings, deodorants, and medicines. Figure 25-12 shows the structures of four terpenes that are isolated from essential oils. 

Fragrant oils (essences) that are concentrated from plant material, usually by steam distillation, (p. 1215)... 

P RTUM applied to the body has as venerable a lineage as incense. The ancient Egyptians made fragrant oils and waxes by immersing petals and pther fragrant materials in them. One can also simply soak the source material in water to make a perfumed wash, roses to make rosewater for example. Materials for perfumery are obtained in many ways. Expression is used to squeeze out fragrant oils from citrus peel. Essential oils, (the... 

Organic molecnles in which one carbon atom is common to two rings are called spirocyclic componnds. The simplest spirocyclic hydrocarbon is spiropentane, a product of laboratory synthesis. More complicated spirocyclic hydrocarbons not only have been synthesized bnt also have been isolated from natnral sources. a-Alaskene, for example, occurs in the fragrant oil given off by the needles of the Alaskan yellow cedar one of its carbon atoms is common to both the six-membered ring and the five-membered ring. 

Balm An aromatic gum resin obtained from certain trees and plants and used as medicine. Balsam. Any fragrant oil or ointment. 

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