Economically important species

Although nine species of Tribolium are potential pests (Sokoloff, 1974), Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (red flour beetle) and T. confusum (Jacquelin du Val) (confused flour beetle) (Tenebrionidae) are the most widespread and economically important species. Adult beetles are reddish-brown in color... 

Attractive Compounds. Only little is known about the systems of chemical communication in anobiid beetles. Investigations have been mainly concerned with two economically important species, the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne, and the drugstore beetle, Stegobium paniceum. 

Target is likely to be essential for the survival of one or more economically important species. 

Azadirachtin has several effects on a number of economically important species of insect pests, including feeding deterrency. 

The beeches are found mostly in the northern hemisphere from temperate to subtropical habitats. One genus is pantropical another approaches the Antarctic. Economically important species include varieties of lumber, edible chestnuts, and some ornamentals. 

The family is cosmopolitan but especially prevalent in Australia and tropical Africa. Many species are toxic due to their content of coumarin glycosides. Economically important species contribute timber, incense, fiber, and a few ornamentals. 

The avocado (Persea americana), also known as the alligator pear, is one of the best known and most economically important species of the laurel family. Avocado is native to tropical regions of the Caribbean, Mexico, and South America. Many different races and varieties are cultivated in southern France, South Africa, Mexico,... 

There are several species of typical lobsters, and a larger number of spiny lobsters. The economically important species native to North American waters are briefly described below. 

The olive tree (Ole a europea) is the best known and most economically important species in this family. This Mediterranean native produces olives and olive oil. Italy and Greece are the major producers of these products. However, olive trees are now cultivated throughout the world, including southern California, South America, and Australia. Olive trees cannot withstand cold winter temperatures. 

When the various cases of resistance are grouped according to the decade of first occurrence, it is evident that the number of new resistant species recorded in the present decade is smaller than those recorded in the previous decade, i.e. 90 vs. 190 species (Table I). This is because many of the recent reports concern expansion of the resistance spectrum in species which have previously been reported as resistant to other compounds. It would thus appear that most of the economically important species have by now developed resistance to at least one insecticide. 

The phylum Arthropoda is the largest of the animal kingdom. Sterol composition and sterol metabolism have been studied extensively, especially in economically-important species. Sterols do not appear to be synthesized by Arthropods, although in a few cases the data are not conclusive (77-79). Cholesterol is the principal sterol in most but not all species (1), and occasionally it is accompanied by various phytosterols. Most Arthropods require cholesterol, which is obtained directly in the diet or, in many cases, by dealkylation of dietary phytosterols to cholesterol (80). 

A few caterpillars which produce silk occur naturally in the wild depending on the forest trees. Such a silk which is obtained from the wild silk worms is referred to as wild silk and such worms are Antheraea mylitta, Antheraea paphia, Antheraea assamensis, etc. Antheraea mylitta (A mylitta ) is one of the wild varieties of non-mulberiy silkworm which produces Tassar silk. A few other wild silks are Mopani silk from South Africa, Saturniidae silk from Thailand, Assam silks (Muga, Eri and Pat] and Tassar silk from India and China. Six million people in India alone are involved in sericulture and one of the most economically important species for sericulture in India is the wild-type non-mulberry silkworm. 

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