Lateral Hypothalamic Area

Lesions of the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) cause anorexia, whereas ablation of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) cause a hyperphagic obesity syndrome. Consistent with these results, LHA neurons express the orexigenic neuropeptides MCH and orexin. PVN neurons produce several neuropeptides that are anorex-igenic when administered directly into the brain (CRH, TRH, oxytocin), in addition to their better known roles as endocrine regulators. LHA and PVN receive rich inputs from axons of NPY/AgRP and aMSH/CART-producing neurons in the arcuate nucleus. [Pg.211]

The lateral hypothalamic area has been identified as a feeding centre by studies involving electric stimulation and discrete lesions. Neurons in the lateral hypothalamic area and the neighbouring perifornical area express neuropeptides that stimulate feeding when injected into cerebral ventricles (orexins 1 and 2, melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH)). [Pg.684]

Alam, Md. N., Gong, H., Alam, T., Jaganath, R., McGinty, D., Szymusiak, R. (2002). Sleep-waking discharge patterns of neurons recorded in the rat perifornical lateral hypothalamic area. J. Physiol. 538, 619-31. [Pg.19]

Figure 4.2 Model of the network responsible for paradoxical sleep onset and maintenance Abbreviations DRN, dorsal raphe nucleus 5-HT, serotonin LC, locus coeruleus NA, noradrenaline LDT, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus Ach, acetylcholine Me, magnocellular reticular nucleus Gly glycine DPMe, deep mesencephalic reticular nucleus PAG, periaqueductal gray DPGi, dorsal paragigantocellular reticular nucleus PPT, pedunculopontine nucleus PRN, pontine reticular nucleus SLD, sublaterodorsal nucleus Glu, glutamate Pef/HLA perifornical/lateral hypothalamic area Hcrt, hypocretin (i.e. orexin).

The diffuse part of the TMN consists of a small group of neurons scattered within the lateral hypothalamic area, the posterior hypothalamic region, the perifornical area, the supramammillary nucleus, and the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus. [Pg.148]

Griffond B., Risold P Jacquemard C., Colard C., Fellmann D. (1999). Insulin-induced hypoglycemia increases preprohypocretin (orexin) nrRNA in the rat lateral hypothalamic area. Neurosci Lett. 262(2), 77-80. [Pg.213]

Hypothalamus medial and lateral preoptic areas anterior, lateral, and posterior hypothalamic areas dorsomedial and ventromedial nuclei tuberomammillary nucleus medial and lateral preoptic areas, lateral hypothalamic area, dorsomedial nucleus, complex of mammillary bodies... [Pg.249]

Figure 10.2 The suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) and other possible diencephalic targets for melatonin in sleep regulation. See text for details. VLPO, ventrolateral preoptic area DMH, dorsomedial hypothalamus LHA, lateral hypothalamic area.

Each emotion is likely to prove to be mediated by particular neural mechanisms (Ekman, 1994, p. 18). For example, feeding is (partly) controlled by the lateral hypothalamic area and ventromedial nucleus of the hypthalamus. This criterion for an emotion has been useful for distinguishing among the various types of aggression. Different neural... [Pg.29]

In another experiment we examined the response of hypothalamic neurons of rats to potentized Nux vomica. Rats used in the electrophysiological tests all belong to Charles Foster (CF) strain. A batch of 15 rats was given 20% ethanol by force drinking at 1.5 ml/kg body weight for 7 days. They were given food and water ad lib. After 7 days neuronal activity in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) of these... [Pg.26]

Albino rats of the CF strain were kept on a diet containing 4% salt (sodium chloride) for 7 days. They were anaesthetized and fixed on a stereotaxic table. A glass coated silver microelectrode (tip 3.5 pm in diam, resistance 1.5 - 2.5 MG) was inserted into the lateral hypothalamic area and connected through a head-stage, a pre-amplifier and a filter to an oscilloscope. After recording the neuronal activity by a two-channel recorder for 5 min, Natrum mur 30 (Natrum muriaticum 30) and Natrum... [Pg.27]

ARC - Arcuate nucleus DMA - Dorsal hypothalamic area DMN - Dorsalmedial nucleus LHA - Lateral hypothalamic area NTS - Nucleus tractus solitaris PN - Posterior nucleus PVN - Paraventricular nucleus VMN - Ventromedial nucleus I - Ob-R/leptin receptor... [Pg.871]

There are direct olfactory projections to the hypothalamus from neurons in the deepest layers of PC that terminate most heavily in the lateral hypothalamic area. Other components of PC project to medial and anterior parts of the hypothalamus and to the thalamus (Benjamin et al., 1982 Price and Slotnick, 1983). [Pg.179]

Oomura Y, Kimura K, Ooyama H, Maeo T, Iki M, et al. 1964. Reciprocal activities of the ventromedial and lateral hypothalamic area of cats. Science 143 484-485. [Pg.226]

Supraoptic nucleus Paraventricular nucleus Lateral hypothalamic area Suprachiasmatic nucleus Periventricular nucleus Arcuate nucleus Ventromedial nucleus Dorsomedial nucleus Posterior hypothalamic nucleus Premammillary nucleus Medial mammillary nucleus Lateral mammillary nucleus Supramammillary nucleus... [Pg.73]

Preoptic region and hypothalamus Lateral preoptic area Medial preoptic area Medial preoptic nucleus Magnocellular preoptic nucleus Suprachiasmatic nucleus Supraoptic nucleus Anterior hypothalamic area Lateral hypothalamic area Periventricular nucleus Paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus Arcuate nucleus Dorsal hypothalamic area Ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus Dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus Compact part Tuber cinereum Posterior hypothalamic area Premammillary nucleus Supramammillary nucleus Medial mammillary nucleus Lateral mammillary nucleus... [Pg.208]

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