Lactobacillus pentosus

Stumpf, P. K., and Horecker, B. L., The role of xylulose-5-phosphate in xylulose metabolism of Lactobacillus pentosus. J. Biol. Chem. 218, 753-768 (1956). 

Initial Discoveries. Xylose isomerase activity was initially found in 1953 in extracts of Lactobacillus pentosus (14), followed by similar activities in extracts of Pseudomonas hydrophila and Pasteurella pestis in the mid-1950s (15-17). An enzyme activity that was found to convert glucose to fructose was discovered in 1957 (18). This activity, found in sonicated extracts from Pseudomonas hydrophila, was enhanced in the presence of... 

Chaillou, S., Postma, P. W., and Pouwels, P. H. 1998b. Functional expression in Lactobacillus plantarum of xylP encoding the isoprimeverose transporter of Lactobacillus pentosus. J. Bacteriol., 180, 4011 014. 

Garde, A., Jonsson, G., Schmidt, A. S., and Ahring, B. K. 2002. Lactic acid production from wheat straw hemicellulose hydrolysate by Lactobacillus pentosus and Lactobacillus brevis. Bioresour. Technol., 81,217-223. 

Bravo, K.A.S., Lopez, F.N.A., Garcia, P.G., Quintana, M.C., and Fernandez, A.G. 2007. Treatment of green table olive solutions with ozone. Effect on their polyphenol content and on Lactobacillus pentosus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae growth. International Journal of Food Microbiology 114 60-68. 

Mitsuhashi, S., Lampen, J. 0. (1953). Conversion of D-xylulose to D-xylose in extracts of Lactobacillus pentosus. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 204, 1011-1018. 

Thermos thermophilus Escherichia coii Klebsiella pneumoniae Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus pentosus Thermoanaerobacterium sacch. Clostridium thermosulfurogenes Thermoanaerobacterium sp. Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum Bacillus stearothermophilus Bacillus sp. 

Several studies have reported on the isolation and identification of LAB and yeasts in boza however, to our knowledge, only the studies of Botes et al. (2006), Todorov and Dicks (2006) and Todorov (2010) used biomolecular approaches to identify these microorganisms. In these studies, the numbers of LAB isolated from three boza samples ranged from 9 x 10 to 5 x lO CFU/ml. Carbohydrate fermentation reactions and PCR with species-specific primers classified the isolates as Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, Lactobacillus pentosus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus fermentum, Leuconostoc lactis and Enterococcus faecium. 

In bacterial fermentation for chitin and chitosan production, the most often applied strains are Lactobacillus sp., Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp and S. marcescens. The microbial DP process is little efficient, ranging between 50% and 85% DP rate depending on materials, used microorganism, fermentation type, and time. Rao et al. (2000) cultured shrimp biowaste with L. plantarum and achieved 75% DP. Bautista et al. (2001) achieved 81.5% DP from crayfish using Lactobacillus pentosus 4023. Fermentation of crab shell wastes with 10% S. marcescens FS-3 inoculum resulted in DP of 84% and DM of 47% at 7 days culture (Jo et al. 2008). Squid pen for the preparation of P-chitin were deproteinized by 73% for 3 days with Bacillus sp. TKU004 (Wang et al. 2006). Also, the shrimp shells were deproteinized by 75% and 87% at 30°C for 6 days with Candida parapsilosis and Pseudomonas maltophilia, respectively (Chen 2001). 

For utilization of hemicellulose, utilization of pentose sugars such as xylose and arabinose is a major problem. Some LAB such as Lactobacillus pentosus (Bustos et al., 2(X)5), Lactobacillus brevis (Chaillou et al., 1998), Lb. plantarum (Helanto et al., 2007), and Leuconostoc (Leuc.) lactis (Ohara et al., 2006) are known to ferment either or both arabinose and xylose. The metabolic pathway of pentose is... 

Bustos G, Moldes AB, Cruz JM, Dominguez JM. (2005). Influence of the metabolism pathway on lactic acid production from hemicellulosic trimming vine shoots hydrolyzates using Lactobacillus pentosus. Biotechnol Prog, 21, 793-798. 

Lactic acid bacteria. The number of species within lactic acid bacteria used for sausage fermentation is modest. According to Hammes et al. (1985) the following five species can be found in starter culture preparations Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus sake, Lactobacillus curvatus, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Pediococcus acidilactici. In addition, Lactobacillus pentosus is also used. 

The utilization of pentose phosphate without conversion to hexose is effected by Lactobacillus pentosus. An enzyme isolated from this organism converts xylulose-5-phosphate in one step to acetyl phosphate and triose phosphate (IX).This enzyme has been named phosphopentoketolase. 

Okkers, D. J., Dicks, L. M. T., Silvester, M., Joubert, J. J., Odendaal, H. J. (1999). Characterization of pentocin TV35b, a bacteriocin-like peptide isolated from Lactobacillus pentosus with a fungistatic effect on Candida albicans. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 87,726-734. 

The cleavage of uridine and cytidine by extracts of Lactobacillus pentosus also is hydrolytic in nature. This is true in spite of the fact that the reaction occurs more rapidly in phosphate or arsenate buffers than in tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane buffer. The anions are here exerting a nonspecific effect. Nucleoside-hydrolyzing enzymes occur in other Lactobacillus species. Thus far, they have not been reported for mammalian tissues. 

Lactobacillus pentosus galactose Sulfite waste liquor... 

Bautista-Gallego, J., Arroyo-Eopez, E. N., Duran-Quintana, M. C., and A. Garrido-Fernandez. 2008. Individual effects of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium chloride salts on Lactobacillus pentosus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Growth. ]. Food Prot. 10 1412-1421. 

Several nucleoside hydrolases have been described. A hydrolase purified from baker s yeast (79) has been found which specifically degrades uridine to uracil and n-ribose. Another nucleoside hydrolase also purified from yeast splits guanoane, adenosine, inosine, xanthosine, nicotinamide riboside, and a group of synthetic unnatural riborides. A highly specific uridine hydrolase is found in yeast, and a nucleoride hydrolase has been described in Lactobacillus pentosus which degrades both purine and pyrimidine nucleosides (74)- A nonspecific hydrolase as well as a i cific inosine hydrolase have been purified from fish muscle (76). The spores of BaciUus eereus contain a heat-stable hydrolase which can cleave adenosine and inosine (76, 77). Finally, a riboside hydrolase of broad spedfidty which attacks only 9-ribofuranosides has been purified from extracts of Ladobacil-lus delbrueckii (72, 78). 

Posno M, Heuvelmans PTHM, van Giezen MJF, Lokman BC, Leer RJ, Pouwels PH (1991) Complimentation of the inability of Lactobacillus strains to utilize D-xylose with D-xylose catabolism-encoding genes of Lactobacillus pentosus. Appl Environ Microbiol 57 2764-2766... 

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