Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum

Clostridium stricklandii, selenocysteine produced by, 22 89 Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum,... 

This is accomplished by utilizing two separate microorganisms which work symbiotically with each other, Clostridium thermo — cellum and Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum to produce ethanol. The research is still in its infancy and several years of research and development are anticipated before its use commercially. 

Thermos thermophilus Escherichia coii Klebsiella pneumoniae Lactobacillus brevis Lactobacillus pentosus Thermoanaerobacterium sacch. Clostridium thermosulfurogenes Thermoanaerobacterium sp. Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum Bacillus stearothermophilus Bacillus sp. 

PD is currently produced commercially in small quantities by chemical synthesis using the toxic feedstock acrolein. Although 1,3-PD has not been produced on a large scale, there are dozens of potential uses in polymer synthesis and as a chemical intermediate (26), Cameron has also been involved in studies on strains of Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum that produce R(-)-1,2-propanediol, a useful chiral building block in organic synthesis (27),... 

When a viologen dye or one of the other additives is present in the growth medium and the pH is maintained above a certain value, C. acetobutylicum and C. beijerinckii produce butanol and ethanol but not acetone (see the section O Physiology of Solvent Production in this chapter). There are other species of Clostridia that produce butanol but not acetone or isopropanol in growth media without these additives. They include Clostridium tetanomorphum (Gottwald et al. 1984) and Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum (Freier-Schroeder et al. 1989). The amount of butanol produced by these species is much less than that produced by the acetone- and butanol-producing species. 

Besides Clostridium sphenoides, the organism Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum (now called Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum ) also produces R-1,2-PD and acetol firom glucose. Other products made include acetate, ethanol, and lactate. In a fed-batch fermentation, the yield of 1,2-PD on glucose was 0.27 g/g at 30.7 h. The maximum titer reached was 7.9 g/1. In contrast to C. sphenoides, the C. thermosaccharolyticum... 

Propanediol Algal biomass, glucose Clostridium pasteurianum C. thermosaccharolyticum... 

In direct microbial conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into ethanol that could simplify the ethanol production process from these materials and reduce ethanol production costs, Clostridium thermocellum, a thermoanaerobe was used for enzyme production, hydrolysis and glucose fermentation (755). Cofermentation with C thermosaccharolyticum simultaneously converted the hemicellulosic sugars to ethanol. However, the formations of by-products such as acetic acid and low ethanol tolerance are some drawbacks of the process. Neurospora crassa produces extracellular cellulase and xylanase and has the ability to ferment cellulose to ethanol 139). 

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