Kidneys epithelium

SLC1A1) Kidney epithelium Resorption of dicarboxylic amino acids... 

However, at the introduction of C60/PVP complex (up to 5 pg/ml) into the cultivating media during cell growth no effects were observed. In the cell MA-104 (cell line derived of green monkey kidney epithelium) grown normally within 3-6 days, no morphological changes and cell metabolism intensiveness were observed (Table 7.1). 

PKD involves abnormal proliferation and differentiation of kidney epithelial cells, resulting in the formation of cysts that eventually destroy the kidneys in affected individuals. Together, PCI and 2 appear to form a complex that senses the state of the kidney epithelium as an early step in a pathway that controls epithelial... 

As shown representatively in Figure 12.2, annexin is differentially expressed in RCC lesions compared to normal kidney epithelium. This suggests a role for annexin IV in tumor dissemination (Zimmermann et al., 2004). 

Figure 12.2 Representative 2DE map of RCC biopsy and its corresponding normal kidney epithelium. Proteins obtained from a primary RCC lesion of clear cell subtype of patient MZ2875 (B) as well as from the correspond-...

Figure 12.3 Zoomed out window of RCC biopsy MZ2875RC and corresponding normal kidney epithelium. The window shown in Figure 12.2 was zoomed out representing the matching 2DE spot pattern...

Figure 12.4 Heterogeneous annexin IV expression in RCC lesions compared to normal kidney epithelium. Proteins from various RCC cell lines as well as corresponding normal kidney epithelium were subjected to western blot analysis and probed with an...

Virus-receptor interactions have also been shown to be affected by these ManN derivatives [154,155]. Treatment of human B-lymphoma BJA-B cells or African green monkey kidney epithelium cells with either ManProp, ManBut, or ManPent resulted in structural modification of about 50% of total cell surface sialic acids. Polyoma viruses, which use sialic acids as ligands for binding prior to infection, show either reduced or enhanced ability to infect cells carrying these modified sialic... 

The thesis advanced by Epstein (1932) that lipid in liver cells and kidney epithelium results from passive infiltration, while glial cells, ganglion cells, and histiocytes store lipid actively, has been convincingly repudiated by Letterer (1939, 1947). 

ENaC is located in the apical membrane of polarized epithelial cells where it mediates Na+ transport across tight epithelia [3], The most important tight epithelia expressing ENaC include the distal nephron of the kidney, the respiratory epithelium, and the distal colon. The basic function of ENaC in polarized epithelial cells is to allow vectorial transcellular transport of Na+ ions. This transepithelial Na+ transport through a cell involves... 

PDE1C2 and PDE4A are expressed. PDE1C2 is found in the cilia of the epithelium, where it colocalizes with adenylyl cyclase. PDE4A is found throughout the epithelial layer, but not in cilia. Therefore, as in the kidney mesangial cells, different PDEs must be working on different cyclic nucleotide pools. More recently, substantial data has been developed for compartmenta-tion of cAMP and PDEs in cardiac myocytes. 

Vasopressin (Rtressin Synthetic) and its derivatives, namely lypressin (Diapid) and desmopressin (DDAVP), regulate the reabsorption of water by the kidneys. Vasopressin is secreted by the pituitary when body fluids must be conserved. An example of this mechanism may be seen when an individual has severe vomiting and diarrhea with little or no fluid intake. When this and similar conditions are present, die posterior pituitary releases the hormone vasopressin, water in die kidneys is reabsorbed into die blood (ie, conserved), and die urine becomes concentrated. Vasopressin exhibits its greatest activity on die renal tubular epithelium, where it promotes water resoqition and smooth muscle contraction throughout die vascular bed. Vasopressin has some vasopressor activity. 

M (increased kidney weight renal tubule dilation, degeneration of renal tubule epithelium albuminous casts focal interstitial nephritis)... 

The in vitro system we have been using to study the transepithelial transport is cultured Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells (11). When cultured on microporous polycarbonate filters (Transwell, Costar, Cambridge, MA), MDCK cells will develop into monolayers mimicking the mucosal epithelium (11). When these cells reach confluence, tight junctions will be established between the cells, and free diffusion of solutes across the cell monolayer will be markedly inhibited. Tight junction formation can be monitored by measuring the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) across the cell monolayers. In Figure 1, MDCK cells were seeded at 2 X 104 cells per well in Transwells (0.4 p pore size) as described previously. TEER and 14C-sucrose transport were measured daily. To determine 14C-sucrose... 

Numerous observations of non-linear relationships between PbB concentration and lead intake in humans provide further support for the existence of a saturable absorption mechanism or some other capacity limited process in the distribution of lead in humans (Pocock et al. 1983 Sherlock et al. 1984, 1986). However, in immature swine that received oral doses of lead in soil, lead dose-blood lead relationships were non-linear whereas, dose-tissue lead relationships for bone, kidney and liver were linear. The same pattern (nonlinearity for PbB and linearity for tissues) was observed in swine administered lead acetate intravenously (Casteel et al. 1997). These results suggest that the non-linearity in the lead dose-PbB relationship may derive from an effect of lead dose on some aspect of the biokinetics of lead other than absorption. Evidence from mechanistic studies for capacity-limited processes at the level of the intestinal epithelium is compelling, which would suggest that the intake-uptake relationship for lead is likely to be non-linear these studies are discussed in greater detail in Section 2.4.1. 

Microscopic lesions of the proventricular epithelium, pectoral muscles, brain, proximal tubular epithelium of the kidney, and bone medullary osteocytes... 

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