Japan payment

For the noble metals used in oxidation, the loading is about 0.1 oz per car, with calls for a million ounces per year. The current world production rates of platinum, palladium, and rhodium are 1.9, 1.6, and 0.076 million ounces respectively the current U,S. demand for platinum, palladium, rhodium, and ruthenium are 0.52, 0.72, 0.045, and 0.017 million ounces respectively (72, 73). The supply problem would double if NO reduction requires an equal amount of noble metal. Pollution conscious Japan has adopted a set of automobile emission rules that are the same as the U.S., and Western Europe may follow this creates a demand for new car catalysts approaching the U.S. total. The bulk of world production and potential new mines are in the Soviet Union and South Africa. The importation of these metals, assuming the current price of platinum at 155/oz and palladium at 78/oz, would pose a balance of payment problem. The recovery of platinum contained in spent catalysts delivered to the door of precious metal refiners should be above 95% the value of platinum in spent catalysts is greater than the value of lead in old batteries, and should provide a sufficient incentive for scavengers. 

In EU countries, the principle behind directives for collection, recovery, and reuse has been EPR, making producers responsible for the take-back of e-waste. Canada and Australia are among other countries developing systems based on these principles. Japan s Reuse, Recycling and Recovery system differs in some ways, while still promoting take-back by manufacturers. The most salient difference is the direct payment of recycling costs by Japanese consumers. 

Germany has been investing in both wind and solar power. The country is the world s largest producer of wind power, and second in solar only to Japan. Through powerful incentives that include rebates and payment for excess power, German consumers and companies alike have been building nonstop. 

The investigator should prepare an informed consent form for every study to be performed at the institute and should obtain an approval from the IRB that covers the institute. GCP listed a dozen points to be covered by the informed consent form (IC) (see Box 19.4). The new GCP allows a reasonable amount of payment to the patient, such as transport costs. Patients should allow clinical trial monitors, auditors, IRB members, and inspectors from the regulatory authority to verify the source documents. This new requirement of obligatory written informed consent is regarded as a major challenge for the conduct of clinical trials in Japan. In Japan,... 

MicroPatent Patent Web. Micropatent, East Haven, CT. URL http //www.micropat.com/. Web-based subscription search and document delivery service. Has full text searchable U.S., EP, and WO patent documents and Patent Abstracts of Japan and INPADOC patent family information. Patent images of the searchable patents and a large collection of patents from other countries are available as PDF files without subscription payments. 

OTA reviewed recent trends in payment methods for prescription drugs in five countries Australia, Canada, France, Japan, and the United Kingdom. To a greater or lesser extent in each of these countries, drug payment policy is governed by two potentially conflicting objectives to minimize health insurance prescription drug costs and to help the country s domestic pharmaceutical industry. Payment policies represent a blend between these objectives. 

In France, despite co-payment for drugs, prescription drugs are virtually free for the 80% of the population who enjoyed supplemental insurance in 1990. The supplemental private companies or co-operatives reimburse most or all of the co-payments. The recent law on universal health insurance coverage will extend this supplemental insurance to 100% of the population [5], Such exemptions, and reinsurance options for the population, offset the effect of co-payment in reducing the use of drugs that are not needed, or too expensive. Of OECD countries only Austria, Germany, Japan, Spain and Switzerland have officially excluded such a cost shifting by reinsurance in second-tier payment systems (Table 1). 

As noted, the coupon rate is the interest rate the issuer agrees to pay each year. The coupon rate is used to determine the annual coupon payment which can be delivered to the bondholder once per year or in two or more equal installments. As noted, for bonds issued in European bond markets and the Eurobond markets, coupon payments are made annually. Conversely, in the United Kingdom, United States, and Japan, the usual practice is for the issuer to pay the coupon in two semiannual installments. An important exception is structured products (e.g., asset-backed securities) which often deliver cash flows more frequently (e.g., quarterly, monthly). 

Dr. Marcy I do not have that information available. As I mentioned, there are two major licensees, one in Japan cind one in France. The sales of these materials can be approximated from the reports of the royalty payments, which, again only with permission from ISRF may I disclose. 

There are two medieal insurance systems in Japan Social Insurance System for those working at a company or an office and National Health Insurance System for those not covered by the Social Insurance System. The hospital receives individual payments from patients and the remaining medical service fees from the medical insurance system. The fees are established for the rental rate of the equipment such as a ventilator and a humidifier. TTie currency has been converted using a rale of 110 to the US. ... 

In order to encourage complete recycling Edo authorities ordered payments for the removed night soil see Tanaka, Y. 1998. The cyclical sensibility of Edo-period Japan. Japan Echo 25(2) 12-16. This arrangement had persisted for more than three centuries most of the inhabitants in even the largest Japanese cities received sewer connections only after 1970. 

---