Isoparaffinic hydrocarbons

Isoparaffinic hydrocarbon solvents (the number refers to approxiumate flashpoint in°C) (5) ... 

The developing kidney is subject to attack by a number of environmental toxins. These include lead, cadmium, uranium, mercury, decalin, JP-5 jet fuel (a mixture of Cl2-15 straight and branched hydrocarbons), Cl0-11 isoparaffinic hydrocarbons, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, c/-limonene, diethylene glycol, and hexachlorocyclohexane. ... 

Phillips RD, Eagan GF. 1984. Subchronic inhalation exposure of dearomatized white spirit and C10-C11 isoparaffinic hydrocarbon in Sprague-Dawley rats. Fund Appl Toxic 4 808-818. 

Isoparaffinic Hydrocarbon - A hydrocarbon which contains branches in its chemical structure. 

Isocyanuric acid, dichloro-, sodium salt 3414 Isoparaffinic hydrocarbons 2239... 

When comparing the oil yield factor alone, 3-methylpentane was rated the best. When comparing the solvents based on the empirical Quality-Efficiency Rating formula, they concluded that methylpentanes (3- and 2-methylpentane) were superior extraction solvents for cottonseed oil. The normal paraffins, highly-branched isohexanes, cycloparaffins, and aromatics were progressively rated as less efficient than methylpentanes. Therefore, they recommended a tailor-made solvent for the extraction of cottonseed should exclude aromatic hydrocarbons, have low limits on cycloparaffin content, and consist largely of normal and isoparaffin hydrocarbons. 

Axarel 2200/ Petroferm Isoparaffinic hydrocarbons and 1-propoxy-2-ethanol (KB value >150) Immersion cleaning N/A 1.9 N/A 44 5... 

Microcapsules with desired release rates according to the application involved can be prepared by incorporating a selected fluid (solvent), while keeping the other capsule parameters constant. These fluids include dearomatized and isoparaffinic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, acetate derivatives, and blends of these [51], In the preparation of polyurethane-polyurea microcapsules containing hep-tenophos (liquid pesticide, b.p. 64 °C), it has been reported that the porosity of microcapsules can be controlled by the addition of 2-ethoxy ethyl acetate or ethyl acetate in the organic phase containing isocyanate prepolymer and pesticide [52]. 

The Isopar isoparaffinic hydrocarbon blends sold by Exxon (Table 15.2) have low odor, selective solvency, good oxidation stability, low electrical conductivity, and low skin irritation. The Isopar solvents are well suited for the manufacture of electrostatic copying fluids, odor-free paints, waterless hand cleaners, and many proprietary household products. The low solvency of these isoparaffinic hydrocarbons for most resins and plastics minimizes any marring of surfaces to which the proprietary formulations are applied. The Isopar... 

First of all, it should be pointed out that the rate of oxidation in the series of normal paraffin hydrocarbons increases rapidly with the length of the hydrocarbon chain. Note also that branched-chain paraffinic hydrocarbons are oxidized more slowly than normal paraffins with the same number of hydrocarbon atoms. This may seem surprising, since the hydrogen atom is more easily separated from a tertiary carbon atom than from a secondary, let alone a primary carbon atom. In this case, the cleavage of the C—H bond is apparently not the limiting step, with the rate of the process being determined by the stability of intermediate oxidation products. The oxidation of normal paraffinic hydrocarbons produces aldehydes, more reactive compoimds, whereas the oxidation of isoparaffinic hydrocarbons yields ketones, more stable species. This dependence of the relative reactivity of paraffins on their structure is directly related to their motor properties (octane number) and explains why branched paraffins exhibit higher antiknock properties [93]. 

In both the laboratory and pilot mns, the phase separation for the strip dispersion was very satisfactory. Upon the completion of the removal of the target species, copper, the mixer for the strip dispersion was turned off, and the dispersion separated into the two phases, the organic solution and the concentrated strip solution, upon standing. The phase separation was very fast (less than about 1 min), and there was no fonnalion of an emulsion. There was no physical loss of the organic membrane solution except its solubility in the aqueous solution that was very low due to the use of the isoparaffinic hydrocarbon solvent. Thus, the stability of the SUM with strip dispersion appeared to be salisfactory for a period of several weeks. 

The acid alkylation process works most successfully on the higher molecular weight olefins (such as the butenes), whereas thermal alkylation attacks ethene most readily. Acid alkylation is limited to the isoparaffin hydrocarbons (isobutane and isopentane), but the therma.1 process handles either the iso or the normal compounds. 

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