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Poisoning isoniazid

Pyridoxine [Vitamin B ] [Vitamin B Supplement] U e Rx prevention of vit B6 deficiency Action Vit supl Dose Adults. Deficiency 10-20 mg/d PO Drug-induced neuritis 100-200 mg/d 25-100 mg/d prophylaxis Peds. 5-25 mg/d x 3 wk Caution [A (C if doses exceed RDA), +] Contra Component aUCTgy Disp Tabs 25, 50, 100 mg inj 100 mg/mL SE Allergic Rxns, HA, N Interactions -1- Effects OF levodopa, phenobarbital, phenytoin EMS Can be used as an antidote for isoniazid poisoning OD May cause sensory nerve damage (numbness, tingling, reduced sensation) and coordination problems Sxs are usually revised aft stopping pyridoxine symptomatic and supportive... [Pg.269]

Rhabdomyolysis occurred in subjects with isoniazid poisoning in a retrospective analysis of 270 patients seen over a 5-year period at the PhUlipine General Hospital in Manilla (42). Skeletal muscle creatine kinase activity was raised in 31 of the 52 evaluable subjects who had taken more than 2.4 g/day of isoniazid. Creatine kinase activity peaked on days 5-6 and fell thereafter. Two patients developed acute renal insufficiency and required dialysis. Seizures occurred in all patients, and their duration, but not their frequency, correlated with raised creatine kinase activity. However, it is likely that factors other than seizures contribute to rhabdomyolysis in patients with isoniazid poisoning. [Pg.1926]

Panganiban LR, Makalinao IR, Corte-Maramba NP. Rhabdomyolysis in isoniazid poisoning. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2001 39(2) 143-51. [Pg.1929]

Miller J, Robinson A, Percy AK. Acute isoniazid poisoning in childhood. Am J Dis Child 1980 134(3) 290-2. [Pg.1929]

Panganiban LR et al Rhabdomyolysis in isoniazid poisoning. J Toxicol Clin 7bx/co/2001 39(2) 143-151. [PMID 11407500] (Retrospective review of 270 iNH overdoses seen over 5-year period at Philippine General Hospital. Good review of symptoms, lab findings, and Incidence of rhabdomyolysis with INH poisoning.)... [Pg.234]

A. Isoniazid poisoning. Give 1 g of pyridoxine intravenously for each gram of isoniazid known to have been ingested (as much as 52 g has been administered and tolerated). Dilute in 50 mL dextrose or saline and give over 5 minutes (rate of 1 g/min). If the ingested amount is unknown, administer 4-5 g IV empirically and repeat every 5-20 minutes as needed. [Pg.500]

Another report describes glycosuria and the development of frank diabetes in 3 out of 50 patients given isoniazid 300 mg dailyand hyperglycae-mia has been seen in cases of isoniazid poisoning. ... [Pg.493]

Six cases of isoniazid-induced convulsions were described by Coyer and Nicholson (9 ), in patients who had taken overdoses. The value of vitamin Be in the prevention and treatment of acute isoniazid poisoning was emphasized in this paper. In one of the cases reported, a single large intravenous dose of Be resulted in a dramatic cessation of seizures. These authors suggest that the dose of Be given over the first few hours after ingestion of the isoniazid should approach in weight the total amount of the latter estimated to have been taken. [Pg.230]

Isoniazid Adults S mg/kg (300 mg) Children 1 0-1 S mg/kg (300 mg) Asymptomatic elevation of aminotransferases, clinical hepatitis, fatal hepatitis, peripheral neurotoxicity, CNS system effects, lupus-like syndrome, hypersensitivity, monoamine poisoning, diarrhea LFT monthly in patients who have preexisting liver disease or who develop abnormal liver function that does not require discontinuation of drug Dosage adjustments may be necessary in patients receiving anticonvulsants or warfarin... [Pg.1113]

Seizures, muscular hyperactivity, and rigidity may result in death. Seizures may cause pulmonary aspiration, hypoxia, and brain damage. Hyperthermia may result from sustained muscular hyperactivity and can lead to muscle breakdown and myoglobinuria, renal failure, lactic acidosis, and hyperkalemia. Drugs and poisons that often cause seizures include antidepressants, theophylline, isoniazid (INH), diphenhydramine, antipsychotics, cocaine, and amphetamines. [Pg.1397]

A review of certain chemicals is essential. Ethylene glycol is an antifreeze used for gasoline engines and may produce somnolence, imreactive pupils, disc swelling, and kidney failure. Systemic lead poisoning produces headaches, coma, cranial nerve palsies, and papilledema. Wood alcohol, or methanol, may produce severe toxic neuropathy and disc edema. Drugs known to produce toxic optic neuropathy include amiodarone (an antiar-rhythmic), quinine, aminoquinolines, ibuprofen, ethambutol, isoniazid, and chloramphenicol. [Pg.371]

Acute poisoning with isoniazid in children (48) and adults (13,26,35) causes recurrent seizures, profound metabolic acidosis, coma, and even death. In adults, toxicity can occur with the acute ingestion of as little as 1.5 g of isoniazid. Doses larger than 30 mg/kg often produce seizures and 80-150 mg/kg or more can be rapidly fatal. The first signs and symptoms of isoniazid toxicity usually appear 0.5-2.0 hours after ingestion, by which time peak absorption occurs (49), and include nausea, vomiting, slurred speech, dizziness, tachycardia, and urinary... [Pg.1927]

Drugs that induce liver microsomal enzymes, such as phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine, rifampicin, and isoniazid, can make paracetamol poisoning more severe (104,105). In patients taking such drugs the serum paracetamol concentration should be doubled before consulting the usual treatment nomogram. [Pg.2687]

Acnisal salicylic acid, aconiazide [inn] is an isoniazid analogue and an ANTITUBERCULAR and ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT, aconitine is an alkaloid from monk s hood or wolfsbane (Aconitum napellus) and other Aconltum spp. (Ranunculaceae). It is a NEUROTOXiN implicated in poisoning by A. spp., especially, 4. chasmanthum in India. Experimentally, it is a SODIUM-CHANNEL ACTIVATOR that binds to Na -channels, slows inactivation, shifts inactivation to a more negative value, and alters ion specificity. This results in repetitive firing of neurons, with marked effects on the heart including positive inotropism and arrhythmias. Aconitine (and the related alkaloid delphinine) were formerly used in... [Pg.4]

ADHD should not be diagnosed if the symptoms can be better accounted for by other mental disorders, such as mood disorder, Tourette s syndrome, anxiety disorder, dissociative disorder, personality disorder, personality change due to a general medical condition, or a substance-related disorder (e.g., due to bronchodilators, isoniazid, akathisia from neuroleptics). Moreover, ADHD is not diagnosed when symptoms occur exclusively during the course of a pervasive developmental disorder or psychotic disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Conditions other than ADHD, such as neurofibromatosis, fetal alcohol syndrome and lead poisoning, of which ADHD features are typical symptoms (Pearl et al., 2001), should also be ruled out. [Pg.652]

Patients taking isoniazid who eat some foods, particularly fish from the scombroid family (tuna, mackerel, salmon) that are not fresh, may experience an exaggerated histamine poisoning reaction. Cheese has also been implicated in this reaction, but the adverse effects may be due to the weak MAOI effects of isoniazid rather than histamine poisoning. [Pg.309]

Miki M, Ishikawa T, Okayama H. An outbreak of histamine poisoning after ingestion of the ground saury paste in eight patients taking isoniazid in a tuberculous ward. IntemMedQ,005) 44,1133-6. [Pg.309]

Many synthetic pyridine derivatives are important as therapeutic agents, for example Isoniazide is a major antituberculosis agent, Sulphapyridine is one of the sulfonamide antibacterials, Prialdoxime is an antidote for poisoning by organophosphates, and Lacidipine is one of several antihypertensive 1,4-dihy-dropyridines. Some herbicides (Paraquat) and fungicides (Davicil) are also pyridine derivatives. [Pg.73]


See other pages where Poisoning isoniazid is mentioned: [Pg.269]    [Pg.2046]    [Pg.269]    [Pg.2046]    [Pg.424]    [Pg.1252]    [Pg.1205]    [Pg.1402]    [Pg.200]    [Pg.1755]    [Pg.3001]    [Pg.1769]    [Pg.1770]    [Pg.518]    [Pg.72]    [Pg.309]    [Pg.309]    [Pg.1]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.407 ]




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