Ipsilateral Effect

Keywords— Cervical Range of Motion, Diode Laser, Dental Obstruction, Ipsilateral Effect, Jaw Imbalance. 

These results suggested the dental obstmctions cause an ipsilateral effect on the lateral Tilt CROM and a possibility of cervical spine imbalances due to bite line imbalance which is in agreement with Sae-Lee suggestions [9]. 

The most interesting aspects of the studies reviewed here are that the drugs having discriminative stimulus properties similar to PCP also produce ipsilateral turning and that this behavior is well correlated with both affinity for the PCP/sigma receptor and the ability to inhibit the effects of NMDA on transmitter release in the striatum. Although inhibition of NMDA-induced DA release was... 

By means of intracellular recording and staining methods, we have examined the responses of AL neurons to stimulation of the ipsilateral antenna with each of the sex pheromone components as well as partial and complete blends (75). In accordance with results of behavioral and sensory-receptor studies, components A and B are the most effective and potent sex pheromone components for eliciting physiological responses in the male-specific AL neurons. On the basis of these responses, we classified the neurons into two broad categories pheromone generalists and pheromone specialists (76). Pheromone generalists are neurons that respond similarly to stimulation of either the component A input channel or the component B input channel and do not respond differently when the complete, natural pheromone blend is presented to the antenna. In contrast, pheromone specialists are neurons that can discriminate between antennal stimulation with component A and stimulation with component B. There are several types of pheromone specialists. Some... 

While all of the above-mentioned studies were performed using adult models, the effects of focal ischemia on SVZ or SGZ precursor cells were also investigated in neonatal animals. Unilateral hypoxic-ischemic injury elicited an increase of BrdU+ cells in ipsilateral hippocampus, mainly DG, and the number of BrdU+ neuronal cells was also increased in DG, while the number of oligodendrocytes decreased (Bartley et al. 2005). Ischemia also upregulated progenitor cell proliferation in neonatal SVZ, peri-infarct striatum (Plane et al. 2004), and cortex (Fagel et al. 

While rMTT can depict changes in cerebral hemodynamics, which are due to vessel occlusion of cerebral arteries and the respective compensation mechanisms, the time to arrival of contrast (TTA) is sensitive to vessel diseases, which are more upstream of the arterial flow, most commonly high grade stenoses or occlusions of the carotid arteries. In such patients, blood flow in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the stenosis is mainly supplied by the contralateral carotid artery via the circle of Willis. Due to this detour, TTA is prolonged in the ipsilateral hemisphere (Reith et al. 1997). At the same time, rMTT may be prolonged in the ipsilateral hemisphere resulting from decreased blood flow (Dorfler et al. 2001). If TTP is calculated instead of MTT, the effect of the bolus delay cannot be separated from that of the perfusion decrease, because TTP is influenced by both rMTT and TTA. 

In seven patients with Parkinson s disease (age 55-66, 5 men), none of whom was demented, intravenous infusion of levodopa produced some reduction in self-reported learning performance and a reduction in activation of the ipsilateral occipital association area (240). The authors suggested that levodopa may have some hitherto undetected but subtle effects on cognitive performance. 

Acute or chronic cerebral injury may cause effects in remote areas of brain (Meyer et at 1993), so-called diaschisis, by reducing neuronal inputs and metabolic activity in the contralateral cerebellum and ipsilateral internal capsule, thalamus and basal ganglia after cortical lesions in the ipsilateral cortex following internal capsule and thalamic lesions and in the contralateral hemisphere. The functional consequences of diaschisis are not clear (Bowler et at 1995). 

One to two days after stroke onset, the infarcted area appears as an ill-defined hypodense area as vasogenic edema becomes predominant. Within two or three days, the attenuation values become lower, the ischemic area is better demarcated and there may be evidence of mass effect (Figs. 5.1 and 11.3). Later, there may be ipsilateral ventricular dilatation owing to loss of brain substance. Hemorrhagic transformation usually occurs a few days after stroke onset in large infarcts, but it may develop within hours and result in appearances very similar to primary intracerebral hemorrhage (Fig. 16.1) (Bogousslavsky 1991). 

Alternatively, risk tables allow a relatively small number of important variables to be considered and have the major advantage that they do not require the calculation of any score by the clinician or patient. Fig. 27.8 shows a risk table for the five-year risk of ipsilateral ischemic stroke in patients with recently symptomatic carotid stenosis on medical treatment, derived from the ECST model. The table is based on the five variables that were both significant predictors of risk in the ECST model (Table 27.3) and yielded clinically important subgroup-treatment effect interactions in the analysis of pooled data from the relevant trials (sex, age, time since last symptomatic event, type of presenting event(s) and carotid plaque surface morphology). 

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