Input channels

While most of the microprocessor-based instruments are limited to a single input channel, in some cases, a second channel is incorporated in the analyzer. However, this second channel generally is limited to input from a tachometer, or a once-per-revolution input signal. This second channel cannot be used for vibration-data capture. 

Obviously, it is of the utmost importance that the three input channels spatially overlap tightly, both in lateral and in axial direction. Co-registration (i.e., the precise, pixel-by-pixel correspondence of... 

The simplest way to form arrays of integrated optical sensors is to put them all in parallel while all are fed from one input channel the input power being divided over all sensors by using e.g. a star coupler. Every sensor has its own output, detector and electronic processing unit and all sensors can be monitored simultaneously. 

In a multichannel YI, monochromatic laser light with a vacuum wavelength X is coupled into an input channel waveguide and split to N output parallel channels, as shown in Fig. 10.5 (in this figure a network of three Y-junctions is used to split the light to four output channels). 

By means of intracellular recording and staining methods, we have examined the responses of AL neurons to stimulation of the ipsilateral antenna with each of the sex pheromone components as well as partial and complete blends (75). In accordance with results of behavioral and sensory-receptor studies, components A and B are the most effective and potent sex pheromone components for eliciting physiological responses in the male-specific AL neurons. On the basis of these responses, we classified the neurons into two broad categories pheromone generalists and pheromone specialists (76). Pheromone generalists are neurons that respond similarly to stimulation of either the component A input channel or the component B input channel and do not respond differently when the complete, natural pheromone blend is presented to the antenna. In contrast, pheromone specialists are neurons that can discriminate between antennal stimulation with component A and stimulation with component B. There are several types of pheromone specialists. Some... 

An important subset of pheromone-specialist PNs in male M. sexta receives input from both component A and component B input channels, described above, but the physiological effects of the two inputs are opposite (72). That is, if antennal stimulation with component A leads to excitation, then stimulation with component B inhibits the intemeuron, and vice versa. Simultaneous stimulation of the antenna with both components A and B elicits a mixed inhibitory and excitatory response in these special PNs. Thus these neurons can discriminate between the two inputs based upon how each affects the spiking activity of the cell. These PNs also respond uniquely to the natural pheromone blend released by the female these pheromone specialist neurons have enhanced ability to follow intermittent pheromonal stimuli occurring at natural frequencies of 10 stimuli per sec (77). 

It receives input messages from its environment on its input channels and generates output messages to its environment on its output channels ... 

For higher input powers, the initial wavevector mismatch is too large to overcome, and the power effectively stays in the input channel. Therefore, if the device... 

Konstantinov, A. A., Siletsky, S., Mitchel, D., Kaulen, A., and Gennis, R., 1997, The roles of the two proton input channels in cytochrome c oxidase from Rhodobactor spheroides probed by the effects of site-directed mutations on time-resolved electrogenic intraprotein proton transfer, Proc. Nad. Acad. Sci. USA 94 9085n9090. 

NOR logic can be considered as an OR gate feeding into a NOT gate. This inversion of an OR action can be seen in Figure 1 with the appropriate truth table. Similarly a minimum of two inputs is required, but the number of input channels can be extended. 

The gas diffusion layer (GDL) must be capable of transporting gases (hydrogen or oxygen) from the gas input channels to the active area at the catalyst-membrane interface. At the same time, it must be able to transport electrons to or from the active area and deliver them to or take them from the... 

A refined philosophical approach toward the use of impedance spectroscopy is outlined in Figure 23.1, where the triangle evokes the concept of an operational amplifier for which the potential of input channels must be equal. Sequential steps are taken until the model provides a statistically adequate representation of the data to within the independently obtained stochastic error structure. The different aspects that comprise the philosophy are presented in this section. 

Figure 7.12 Automated internal standard and sample mixer showing the sample input and internal standard input channels using a three-way V or W piece (author s own invention)...

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