Iodine pentachloride

In 1861, H. Kammerer 8 described what be considered to be iodine tetrachloride, IC14, but J. B. Hannay could not confirm the report. Iodine pentachloride, ICI6, analogous with iodine pentafluoride, IF6, has not been isolated. This compound may be formed by the action of liquid chlorine on iodine if so, it is so unstable at ordinary press, that it has not been recognized. 

Chlorine monofluoride, CIF Chlorine trifluoride, CIF3 Bromine monofluoride, BrF Bromine trifluoride, BrF3 Bromine pentafluoride, BrF5 Bromine monochloride, BrCI Iodine trifluoride, IF3 Iodine pentafluoride, IF5 Iodine heptafluoride, IF7 Iodine monobromide, IBr Iodine monochloride, ICI Iodine pentabromide, IBr5 Iodine tribromide, IBr3 Iodine trichloride, ICI3 Iodine pentachloride, ICI5... 

Azoisobutane (l,l,l r-tetramethylazoethane) is obtained in 48% yield on oxidation of ter/-butylamine with iodine pentachloride.351... 

In this formula there are ten electrons in the valence shell of iodine. In iodine pentachloride there must be twelve, one more pair being uncoupled ... 

When unsubstituted, C-5 reacts with electrophilic reagents. Thus phosphorus pentachloride chlorinates the ring (36, 235). A hydroxy group in the 2-position activates the ring towards this reaction. 4-Methylthiazole does not react with bromine in chloroform (201, 236), whereas under the same conditions the 2-hydroxy analog reacts (55. 237-239. 557). Activation of C-5 works also for sulfonation (201. 236), nitration (201. 236. 237), Friede 1-Crafts reactions (201, 236, 237, 240-242), and acylation (243). However, iodination fails (201. 236). and the Gatterman or Reimer-Tieman reactions yield only small amounts of 4-methyl-5-carboxy-A-4-thiazoline-2-one. Recent kinetic investigations show that 2-thiazolones are nitrated via a free base mechanism. A 2-oxo substituent increases the rate of nitration at the 5-position by a factor of 9 log... 

Antimony trichloride, pentachloride and pentafluoride Beryllium chloride Boron trichloride Bromine Chlorine Calcium fluoride Chromic fluoride Chromous fluoride Fluorine Iodine... 

Iodine trichloride Mercuric chloride Mercurous chloride Molybdenum pentachloride... 

The polymerization of 1,3,3-trimethyl-2,7-dioxabicyclo[2.2.1 Jheptane 35 was carried out in methylene chloride, toluene, and 1-nitropropane at temperatures between —78 and 0 °C32l Boron trifluoride etherate, triethyloxonium tetrafluoro-borate, antimony pentachloride, and iodine were used as initiators. Irrespective of the solvents and initiators employed, the products obtained at 0 °C were white powders with melting points of 50—55 °C, while those obtained at tower temperatures were sirups. The number average molecular weight of the unfractionated products ranged from 400 to 600. The molecular weight distribution of the oligomers prepared at 0 °C was broad, in contrast to the relatively narrow distribution of those obtained at -40 °C. 

Mixtures with chlorine, bromine or iodine explode on warming. A mixture with chlorine passed through a copper tube at 300°C exploded with variable intensity. Aluminium chloride explodes in the dilluoride, and antimony pentachloride lightly at 150°C. 

Ethyl fumarate has been prepared from fumaric acid and ethyl alcohol, with or without sulfuric acid as catalyst,4 from silver fumarate and ethyl iodide,5 from silver maleate and ethyl iodide plus a trace of iodine,6 from ethyl maleate by the action of iodine,6 from ethyl maleate and phosphorus pentachloride,7 and by passing hydrogen chloride into a boiling absolute alcohol solution of malic acid.8... 

The chlorination proceeds considerably more rapidly, and also in the absence of light, if 1 5 g. of iodine, 7 g. of phosphorus pentachloride, and 3 g. of red phosphorus are added to the 150 g. of glacial acetic acid mentioned above.2 When the reaction is over, the hot mixture is decanted from the phosphorus, diluted with 40 c.c. of glacial acetic acid, and cooled. The monochloroacetic acid which crystallises is rapidly filtered and washed with a little glacial acetic acid. In this way a pale red product results, which is freed from adherent iodine by standing in a desiccator over potassium hydroxide. 

Rhenium reacts with all halogens including iodine to yield hahdes in several valence states from -i-1 to -i-6. Such hahdes include dark red hexagonal trichloride, Reds, dark green pentachloride, ReCls, green hexafluoride, ReFe, and the greenish black crystalline tribromide, ReBrs. 

Halogenation of dibenzofuran produces the 2-halo compounds. Bromina-tion can be achieved in good yield with bromine in acetic acid " or with N-bromosuccinimide in boiling carbon tetrachloride. The 2,8-dibromo compound has been made, using dioxane dibromide. Chlorination of dibenzofuran in acetic acid in the presence of iron powder can be controlled to yield the 2-chloro or the 2,8-dichloro compounds. 2-Chlorodi-benzofuran is best prepared by reaction of dibenzofuran with phosphorus pentachloride. 2-Iododibenzofuran (45%) results from treatment of dibenzofuran with iodine in boiling chloroform in the presence of nitric acid. 2,8-Diododibenzofuran is best prepared by reaction of dibenzofuran with iodine and iodic acid in aqueous acetic acid. ... 

Ilosvay) by the action of hydrogen chloride on iodic acid (G. S. Serullas) of phosphorus pentachloride on iodine pentoxide (0. Brenkn) of iodine on sulphuryl chloride in excess (0. Ruff) 3S02Cl2+l2=2ICl3+3S02 and by heating iodine monochloride. 

Additional Exercises Phosphonium bromide, PH4Br phosphorus pentachloride, PC16 iodine trichloride, IC13. 

Phosphorus trichloride reacts with sulphur monochloride, iodine acting as a catalyst the products are phosphorus pentachloride and phosphorus sulphochloride 8... 

Many chlorides, especially those of the metals, combine with sulphur tetrachloride to produce unstable crystalline additive compounds 2 thus, iodine trichloride, antimony pentachloride, titanium tetrachloride, stannic chloride, ferric chloride, and also arsenic fluoride, yield crystalline products containing the added molecule SC14 this provides strong evidence of the definite existence of this chloride of sulphur. 

Niobium Trichloride, NbCl3, is prepared by leading the vapour of niobium pentachloride through a heated tube.4 It is also formed in small quantity by the action of carbon tetrachloride vapour on niobium pentoxide contained in a hard-glass tube, and has probably been prepared in solution by the electrolytic reduction of the pentachloride.4 It forms a black, crystalline crust with an almost metallic lustre, which closely resembles the appearance of a film of sublimed iodine. It is not decomposed by water or ammonia, but is readily oxidised by dilute nitric add to niobium pentoxide. On being heated to a red heat in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide, a sublimate of niobium oxytrichloride, NbOCl3, is produced, the carbon dioxide undergoing reduction to the monoxide. 

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