865-44-1 iodine trichloride

Iodine trichloride [865-44-17, ICl, mol wt 233.39, 54.40% I, is a yellow or brownish powder. It is pungent and has a very irritating odor. It decomposes at 77°C iato ICl and CI2. It is prepared by adding finely powdered iodine to an excess of Hquid chlorine. It is used as a chlorinating and oxidising agent (120). 

Iodine trichloride Mercuric chloride Mercurous chloride Molybdenum pentachloride... 

Using Lewis structures and VSEPR, give the VSEPR formula for each of the following species and predict its shape (a) sulfur tetrachloride (b) iodine trichloride (c) 1F4 ... 

Ans. (a) Bromine trioxide, (b) iodine trichloride, and (c) sulfur tetraiodide. 

Phosphorus ignites on contact with iodine trichloride. 

Potassium ignites in fluorine and in dry chlorine (unlike sodium). In bromine vapour it incandesces, and explodes violently in liquid bromine. Mixtures with iodine incandesce on heating, and explode weakly on impact. Potassium reacts explosively with molten iodine bromide and iodine, and a mixture with the former is shock-sensitive and explodes strongly. Molten potassium reacts explosively with iodine pentafluoride [1], Contact with iodine trichloride causes ignition [2],... 

The iodine monochloride/iodine trichloride system is an example of a chemical equilibrium. When chlorine is passed over iodine crystals, in a U-tube, a brown liquid is formed. This is iodine monochloride, ICl(i). 

This solid is iodine trichloride, ICl3(S). When the U-tube is stoppered, it contains a mixture of IC1(d, Cl2(g) and ICl3(s). Eventually, the number of moles of each component remains constant and a state of equilibrium attained. 

Iodine bromide, 0254 Iodine chloride, 4013 Iodine heptafluoride, 4378 Iodine pentafluoride, 4355 Iodine trichloride, 4139... 

Potassium fluoride when treated by exactly the same technique gave a product of the composition KBrF4, which was likewise soluble and produced an enhanced conductivity. It also had a characteristic X-ray pattern. The formula suggests an analogy with the compound KICI4, which functions as a base in iodine trichloride. 

Iodine trichloride is used in organic synthesis as a chlorinating and iodi-nating agent to introduce chlorine and iodine into organic compounds producing their halogen derivatives. It also is used as a topical antiseptic. 

Iodine trichloride is prepared by adding iodine to liquid chlorine in a stoichiometric amount ... 

Iodine trichloride decomposes on heating at 11° C, forming iodine monochloride and chlorine ... 

Iodine trichloride hydrolyzes in water or dilute acids, the products depending upon reaction conditions. This reaction usually is similar to iodine monochloride ... 

Iodine trichloride is highly corrosive. Contact with skin can cause a burn. Vapors are highly irritating to eyes and respiratory tract. 

Chlorine and iodine.—In the course of his historic research on iodine, J. L. Gay Lussac (1814) 6 prepared a compound of iodine and chlorine by the action of chlorine gas on iodine—the gas was absorbed by the solid forming a reddish-brown liquid which is so remarkably like bromine, that before that element had been recognized as a distinct chemical individual by A. J. Balard, J. von Liebig mistook bromine for iodine chloride. If the chlorine be in excess, citron-yellow needle-like crystals are formed. The liquid product is iodine monochloride the crystalline solid is iodine trichloride. H. Davy called the product formed by the action of iodine on chlorine, olilorionio acid, and he regarded it as a compound consisting of one proportion of iodine and one of chlorine —i.e. iodine monochloride. 

W. Stortenbeker s 7 investigation on the f.p. curve, Fig. 25, left no doubt as to tho existence of these two iodine chlorides. The f.p. curve shows two maxima, one at 27 2° corresponding with the so-called iodine a-monochloride, and the other at 101° corresponding with iodine trichloride the corresponding eutectics are at 7 9° and 22 7°. In 1854, J. Trapp showed that there are... 

T. E. Thorpe s formula for the specific volume i> at the temp. 0 is u=l +00009158960 +0 0000008329602 +0 00000000275O03. The vapour density is that theoretically required for IC1 with oxygen 32, the value for IC1 is 162 38 at 120°, the vapour density is 1606, and at 512°. 156 4. Conclusions as to the degree of dissociation at different temp, cannot be derived from the vapour density determinations since it proceeds without changing the number of molecules—2ICI—>I2+C12- Iodine trichloride vapour is almost completely dissociated into the monochloride and chlorine. K. Beck s value for the viscosity is 7 029 at 15°, 5 069 at 28 4°—benzene at 5° unity. 

Iodine trichloride.—This compound was discovered by J. L. Gay Lussac as the result of treating warm iodine or iodine monochloride with an excess of chlorine. The trichloride collects as a citron-yellow crystalline sublimate on the cooler parts of the vessel. It is also formed by the action of liquid chlorine on iodine, or an iodide—say lead iodide.18 The iodine trichloride is almost insoluble in liquid chlorine, and hence, say Y. Thomas and P. Dupuis, this method of preparation is very convenient. It is also formed by the action of dry chlorine on hydrogen iodide (A. Christomanos) silver iodate (J. Krutwig) or methyl iodide (L. von... 

To prepare iodine trichloride, heat 20 grms. of iodine in a retort, A, Fig. 26, which delivers into a glass balloon II filled with chlorine, and connected with a Kipp s apparatus C delivering chlorine. The chlorine is rapidly absorbed as soon as it comes in contact with the vapour of iodine, and reddish-yellow crystals of iodine trichloride are formed on the walls of the balloon. The excess of chlorine is finally expelled by a stream of carbon dioxide.. If the crystals are desired, the balloon must bo broken if a soln. of iodine trichloride is desired, the crystals can be dissolved in about ten times their weight of water. 

Iodine trichloride forms long citron-yellow needles, and also large reddish-brown rhombic plates. The sp. gr. at 15° is 3T17 (A. Christomanos). This compound melts in a sealed tube under the press, of its own vapour at 101° and 16 atm. press, forming a reddish-brown liquid which freezes to crystals of the same colour. The citron-yellow crystals are obtained by sublimation. The differences in colour and appearance led W. Stortenbeker to say that the trichloride is dimorphous. The crystals readily decompose in air, but they can be preserved unchanged in an atm. 

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