Inulases

Inula royleana D.C. According to Chopra, Kohli and Handa, this plant contains about 3 per cent, of an alkaloid, royline, C2iH3gOgN, m.p. 120-1°, — 42-5° aurichloride, m.p. 142° (dec.). The base produces... 

A halogen substituent, like hydrogen is monovalent, and when present in a molecular foi inula is treated as if it were hydrogen for counting purposes. 

Rotation of Tartaric Acid.—The s]iccific loi.iiion of a dissolved substance can be calculated from the rotation of tli<-solution if the conccntiation is known. The foi inula to be for this purpose is —... 

Bioactive sesquiterpenic y-lactones and flavonoids in plants of Inula L. genus 97MI20. 

This oil is distilled from the roots of Inula lu Uninm, a plaot iod j eDDDS 10 SoDthfcrQ Asia and Sihetia. aod fonnd to a fair etcenl i SoQthern Europe and Xorth America. characters - ... 

An isomeric compound, isoalantolactone, exists in the oil of Inula hdenium. It is a crystalline body melting at 115°, and yielding isoalantolic acid with alkalis, melting at 237° to 239°. 

Alant, m. elecampane, -beere,/. black currant, kampher, m. helenin. -til, n. elecampane oil. -wurzel, /. (Pharm.) inula, elecampane. Alam locke, /. alarm bell, ftlarmieren, v.t. alarm. 

G. Wyszccki. W. S. Stiles. Color Science. Concepts and Methods. Quantitative Dam and Por-inulas. Wiley. New York 1967, p. 239. 

One of the most exiting findings in this area is perhaps the isolation of Bt-CD, a neoclerodane diterpenoid from Baccharis trimera (Less) DC or carqueja (Brazil) used to treat rheumatism and diabetes that shows anti-phospholipase A2 activity (11). Note also the anti-phospholipase A2 and anti-inflammatory activity of Santolina chamaecy-parissus (12). Cirsium japonicum DC, Crossotephium chinense L. Makino, Inula chinensis Rupr. ex Maxim., and Sigesbeckia orientalis L. are used in Asia for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. 

Hernandez V, del Carmen Recio M, Manez S, Prieto JM, Giner RM, Rios JL. A mechanistic approach to the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of sesquiterpenoid compounds isolated from Inula viscosa. Planta Med 2001 67 726—731. 

Je KH, Han AR, Lee HT, Mar W, Seo EK. The inhibitory principle of lipopolysaccha-ride-induced nitric oxide production from Inula britannica var. chinensis. Arch Pharm Res 2005 27 83-85. 

Lee HT, Yang SW, Kim KH, Seo EK, Mar W. Pseudoguaianolides isolated from Inula britannica var. chinenis as inhibitory constituents against inducible nitric oxide synthase. Arch Pharm Res 2002 25 151-153. 

Aniszewski, T. 2000. Phenotypic parameters of elecampane Inula helenium) in eastern Finland. Aquilo. Serie Botanica, 38 13-28. 

Sesquiterp. dimers elemane/eudesmane macrophyilidimer A and dimeric elemane Inula macrophylla from Uzbekistan Su 2000). 

Most of the new source reports concern species from the Asteraceae, with many of the flavonols being isolated from aerial parts, where they are accumulated externally. They range from simple to more complex structures. There appears to be a tendency towards 6-methox-ylation rather than towards 8-methoxylation, in addition to possible OMe-substitution of other positions of the flavonol molecule. Flavonols with 6,8-di-O-methylation and additional OMe-groups are also found in several genera such as Senecio, Psiadia, or Inula, to cite but a few examples. 

Methylbutyryl)glucoside] Inula hritannica flowers Compositae 415... 

Only 15 newly reported simple dihydroflavonols are listed in Table 15.9. Several of the compounds are just simply the C-3 epimers of known (2i ,3i )-dihydroflavonols, e.g., (2R,3S)-3-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavanone (329) from the fern Woodsia scopulina (Dryopterida-ceae), (2i ,3S)-3,5,3, 4 -tetrahydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone (3-epipadmatin, 333) from Inula graveolens (Asteraceae),(2i ,3S)-3,5,3 -trihydroxy-7,4 -dimethoxyflavanone (337) from Lannea coromandelica (Anacardiaceae), and (2i ,3S)-3,5,7,3, 4, 5 -hexahydroxyflavanone (hovenitin III, 338) from the seeds and fruits of Hovenia dulcis (Rhamnaceae). The previously known (2i ,3i )-stereoisomer of hovenitin III has the trivial name ampelopsin. The same plant source has yielded the (27 ,37 )- and (27 ,3S)-epimers of 3,5,7,4, 5 -pentahydroxy-3 -methoxyflavanone, which are known as hovenitins I (340) and II (341), respectively. ... 

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