Mechanistic approach

R. G. Gilbert, Emulsion Polymerisation. A Mechanistic Approach, Academic Press, Inc., New York, 1995. 

In this mechanistic approach to human reliability, the individual is modeled as being analogous to a hardware component that provides a function when required. A definition of human reliability from this perspective is as follows ... 

Metathesis is a catalyzed reaction that converts two olefin molecules into two different olefins. It is an important reaction for which many mechanistic approaches have been proposed by scientists working in the fields of homogenous catalysis and polymerization. One approach is the formation of a fluxional five-membered metallocycle. The intermediate can give back the starting material or the metathetic products via a concerted mechanism ... 

The effect of common-anion salts and of added water showed, however, that ionic chain carriers must also be present in these systems. These observations, coupled with experiments where dilute solutions of the monomers were treated with excess of acid and the reactions followed by ultraviolet spectroscopy, produced sufficient information about the initiation reaction pattern and thus completed the overall kinetic and mechanistic approach. 

Gilbert, R.G. Emulsion Polymerization A Mechanistic Approach Academic Press London, 1995. 

Mechanistic Approaches. Adequate and appropriate river-quality assessment must provide predictive information on the possible consequences of water and land development. This requires an understanding of the relevant cause and effect relationships and suitable data to develop predictive models for basin management. This understanding may be achieved through qualitative, semi-quantitative or quantitative approaches. When quantitative or semi-quantitative methods are not available the qualitative approach must be applied. Qualitative assessments involve knowledge of how basin activities may affect river quality. This requires the use of various descriptive methods. An example of this kind of assessment is laboratory evaluation of the extent to which increases in plant nutrients, temperature or flow may lead to accelerated eutrophication with consequent reduction of water quality. 

The goals of this chapter do not include a "state of the art" literature review which would be appropriate for a more in-depth discussion of one particular problem area. Rather the intent is to illustrate mechanistic approaches to river quality assessment using the three globally relevant water quality problem areas discussed in the previous chapter dissolved oxygen depletion, erosion/deposition, and potentially toxic trace elements. The information provided does not include all rationale, methology or approaches used in the study as this is beyond the scope of the chapter. Additional general information on application of the intensive river quality assessment approach in the Willamette River basin may be found elsewhere (4-9, 11-14, 17). 

DUNNETTE Mechanistic Approaches to River Water Quality... 

The book takes a bottom-up approach, describing the mechanisms by which pollutants have harmful effects on living organisms and how these effects are translated into adverse changes at the population level. This mechanistic approach supplies the basis for development of new mechanistic biomarker assays, which in turn provide measures of toxic effect and not merely of exposure, and subsequently provide evidence of causality between pollutant levels and ecological changes. 

Broad and comprehensive, this book provides a cohesive treatment of the subject. It contains an extensive set of literature references and numerous illustrative figures. The authors use a mechanistic approach with emphasis on the pathways, and the principles that emerge provide a guide not only for specific compounds but also for those having a more remote structural resemblance. 

Biochemical reactions parallel those in organic chemistry and, for both of them, a mechanistic approach has proved valuable. In addition, most of the principles that have emerged apply equally to the aquatic, the atmospheric, and the terrestrial environments. 

S. A. Barber, Soil Nutrient Bioavailability A Mechanistic Approach, J. Wiley Sons, New York, 1996. 

Ho NFH, JY Park, PF Ni, WI Higuchi. (1983). Advancing quantitative and mechanistic approaches in interfacing gastrointestinal drug absorption studies in animals and man. In WG Crouthamel, A Sarapu, eds. Animal Models for Oral Drug Delivery in Man In Situ and In Vivo Approaches. Washington, DC APh/APS, pp 27-106. 

Hernandez V, del Carmen Recio M, Manez S, Prieto JM, Giner RM, Rios JL. A mechanistic approach to the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of sesquiterpenoid compounds isolated from Inula viscosa. Planta Med 2001 67 726—731. 

Sivasankar T, Moholkar VS (2009) Mechanistic approach to intensification of sonochemical degradation of phenol. Chem Eng J 149 57-69... 

Barber, Stanley A. Soil Nutrient Bioavailability, A Mechanistic Approach. New York John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1984. 

The traditional (Rosin, et al., 1932) mechanistic approach equates the time necessary for a particle to settle at a Stokes law velocity across the width of a cyclone s inlet duct, to the available residence time of the carrier gas stream in its number of spiral traverses within the barrel. With reference to Fig. 1, this permits solving for the smallest particle size able to cross the entire width and reach the wall in the available time. 

R. F. Heck, Organotransition Metal Chemistry A Mechanistic Approach. p. 49. Academic Press, New York, 1974. 

Baxter, L.L., 1992. Ash Deposition During Biomass and Coal Combustion A Mechanistic Approach. SAND92-8216. Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, New Mexico. 

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