Inula japonica

Inula, from Compositae, has more than 100 species in the world, mainly found in Europe, Africa and Asia. There are more than 20 species in China. Inula britannica is a wild plant found in Eastern Asia, including China, Korea, and Japan. In traditional Chinese medicine. Inula britannica and Inula japonica are called Xuanfiihua and the flowers have been used for the treatment of digestive disorders, bronchitis and inflammation. Its extracts are reported to have anti-inflammatory, anti-bacteria, anti-hepatitis and anti-tumorigenic activities ) ... 

Inula britannica L. I. japonica Thunb. I. linariaefolia Turcz. I. linariaefolia Turcz. f. simplex Kom. I. salsoloides (Turcz.) Ostenfeld Xuan Fu Hua (Elecampane) (aerial part, including flower head) Inusterol A, taraxasterol, inusterol B, inulicin, flavone, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, isoquercitrin, quercetin, taraxasteryl palmitate, bigelovin, dihydrobigelovin.48-50 260 Discutient, vulnerary, antiemetic, carminative, diuretic, deobstruent, treat ascites, bronchitis, cancer, chest congestion. 

Inula britannica L., I. japonica Thunb., I. salsoloides (Turcz.) Ostenfeld, I. linariaefolia Turcz., I. linariaefolia Turcz. f. simplex Kom. 

Forsythia suspensa, Inula britannica, I. japonica, I. linariaefolia, I. salsoloides Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo biloba... 

C. grandiflora, Codonopsis pilosula, C. tangshen, C. ussuriensis, Cirsium chinense, C. japonicum, Lappa communis, L. edulis, L. major, L. minor, Senecio vulgaris, Taraxacum formosanum, T. officinale Inula britannica, I. japonica, I. linariaefolia, I. salsoloides... 

Achillea millefolium, Anethum graveoleus, Aspidium filix-mis, Aster tataricus, Calendula officinalis, Dryopteris filix-mas, Inula britannica, I.japonica, Lycopodium clavatum, L. obscurum, Myrica cerifera, M. penxylvanica, Peucedanum graveolens, Sambucus nigra, S. canadensis Melia azedarach... 

Syn Inula britannica L. var. japonica (Thunb.) Franch. Sav. PN xuanfu hua (flower)... 

Documented effects In modem medicine Inula britannica is used the same way as Inula helenium (Khodzhimatov 1989). Flavonoids isolated from this species were shown to protect cultured rat cortical cells from cell death caused by oxidative stress (Kim et al. 2002). Results from experiments with mice suggest an aqueous extract from the flowers of Inula britannica p.japonica Kitam. has a preventative effect on autoimmune diabetes by regulating cytokine production (Kobayashi et al. 2002b). The sesquiterpene lactone ergolide has anti-inflammatory activity (Han et al. 2(X)1). 

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