Introductory Texts

There are many excellent introductory books and journal articles on the subject of neural networks. Just a few of them are listed below in the references. Additionally, there are tutorials online at various web sites. However, the applications of neural network techniques to problems in molecular biology and genome informatics are largely to be found in scientific journals and symposium proceedings. 

Jackson, T. (1991). Neural Computing An Introduction. Adam Hilger, Bristol. Bishop, C. M. (1995). Neural Networks For Pattern Recognition. Clarendon P, London. 

Dayhoff, J. (1990). Neural Network Architectures An Introduction. Van Nostrand Reinhdd, New York. 

Fausett, L. (1994). Fundamentals Of Neural Networks Architectures, Algorithms And Applications. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs. 

Haykin, S. (1994). Neural Networks, A Comprehensive Foundation. MacMillan College Publishing, New York. 

Housecroft, C. Sharpe, A. G. Inorganic Chemistry, 4th ed, Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2012 1256 pp. 

Rayner-Canham, G. Overton, T. Descriptive Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed.. Freeman New York, 2014 768 pp. 

Descriptive Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd ed.. Academic Waltham, MA, 2010 592 pp. 

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Introductory text, fairly mathematical, concentrates on spin/ = systems, good references. 

Introductory text with an emphasis on self-assembly systems and emulsions... 

Note that these equations do not contain the constants that are typically included in introductory texts, such as the vacuum permitivity constant. Theoreticians, and thus software developers, work with a system of units called atomic units. Within this unit system, many of the fundamental constants are defined as having a value of 1. Atomic units will be used throughout this book unless otherwise specified. 

For aromatic hydrocarbons some very efficient formytation and acylation procedures are known (e.g. Friedel-Crafts, Vilsmeier, Gattermann-Koch), They are treated in introductory text books. 

Two other techniques that depend only on base SI units are coulometry and isotope-dilution mass spectrometry. Coulometry is discussed in Chapter 11. Isotope-dilution mass spectroscopy is beyond the scope of an introductory text, however, the list of suggested readings includes a useful reference. 

One complication is the meaning of pH. > The conventional definition of pH as presented in most introductory texts is... 

C. Lipson and N. J. Sheth, Statistica/Design andAna/ysis of Engineering Experiments, McGraw-HiU, New York, 1972. "This book is written in a relatively simple style so that a reader with a moderate knowledge of mathematics may foUow the subject matter. No prior knowledge of statistics is necessary." Appreciably more discussion is devoted to statistical analysis than to the planning of experiments. Some relatively nonstandard subjects (for an introductory text), such as accelerated experiments, fatigue experiments, and renewal analysis are also included. 

An important issue is howto solve large problems that occur in distributed systems. The optimization of distributed systems is discussed in Refs. 52, 120, 244, and 285. For further reading on optimization, readers are directed to Refs. 120 and 244 as well as introductory texts on optimization applied to chemical engineering (Refs. 99 and 225). The material in this section is part of a more advanced treatment (Ref. 295). 

However, the first text specifically for students of materials science was Lawrence van Vleck s Elements of Materials Science An Introductory Text for Engineering Students (1959), which was very widely used. It appeared only a year... 

Mass Spectra and Chemical Structure While there are a number of books (Refs 16, 30, 49 64) already referred to, which deal with details of the instrumentation and techniques of mass spectrometry, there are several concise introductory texts (Refs 10, 21 52) on the interpretation of mass spectra. Still other recent books deal comprehensively with organic structural investigation by mass spectrometry. One of these (Ref 63) discusses fundamentals of ion fragmentation mechanisms, while the others (Refs 7, 15, 20, 28 29) describe mass spectra of various classes of organic compounds. In the alloted space for this article methods of interpretation of mass spectra and structural identification can not be described in depth. An attempt is, therefore, made only to briefly outline the procedures used in this interpretation... 

The derivation of tiiese important equations is described in detail in earlier introductory texts.25 41-45... 

The history of the development of quantum concepts to explain observed physical phenomena, which occurred mainly in the first three decades of the twentieth century, is discussed in introductory texts on physical chemistry and on atomic physics. A much more detailed account is given in M. Jammer (1966) The Conceptual Development of Quantum Mechanics (McGraw-Hill, New York). 

Besson, J., Precis de Thermodynamique et Cinetique Electrochimique, Ellipses, Paris, 1984, and an introductory text. 

The book is intended as an introductory text on receptor pharmacology but further reading has been provided for those who want to follow up on topics. Some problems are also provided for readers to test their grasp of material in some of the chapters. 

To be an effective teaching tool, this text is intended for experienced instructors who may have a wealth of their own examples and material, but writing an introductory text is of no interest to them. The concise coverage conveniently provides a vehicle with which they can take a basic, minimalist set of chapters and add supplementary material that they deem appropriate. Even without supplementary material, however, this text contains the most crucial material and there should not be a need for an additional expensive, formal text. 

Since this is an introductory text, all topics of potential interest cannot be treated to the depth that the reader may require. Consequently, a number of useful supplementary references are listed below. 

We place primary emphasis on developing the students abilities to establish the working equations of an appropriate model for a particular reactor situation, and of course to interpret and appreciate the significance of quantitative results. In an introductory text in a field such as CRE, it is important to emphasize the development of principles,... 

Harlow, F. H. and Amsden, A. A., "Fluid Dynamics — An Introductory Text," LA 4100, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, University of California, Los Alamos, New Mexico, February 1970. 

The book has been written as an introductory text, not as an exhaustive review. It is meant for students at the start of their Ph.D. projects and for anyone else who needs a concise introduction to catalyst characterization. Each chapter describes the physical background and principles of a technique, a few recent applications to illustrate the type of information that can be obtained, and an evaluation of possibilities and limitations. A chapter on case studies highlights a few important catalyst systems and illustrates how powerful combinations of techniques are. The appendix on the surface theory of metals and on chemical bonding at surfaces is included to provide better insight in the results of photoemission, vibrational spectroscopy and thermal desorption. 

A detailed review of the literature of non-enzymic catalysts is given in Comprehensive Asymmetric Catalysis eds Jacobsen, E.N., Pfaltz, A. and Yamamoto, H. Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg, 1999. As an introductory text for post-graduate students see Catalysis in Asymmetric Synthesis, Williams, J.MJ. Sheffield Academic Press, Sheffield, UK, 1999. A comparison of biocatalysis versus chemical catalysis has also been made by Averill, B.A., Laane, N.W.M., Straathof, A.JJ. and Tramper, J., in Catalysis An Integrated Approach (eds van Santen, R.A. van Leeuwen, P.W.N.M., Moulijn, J.A. and Averill, B.A.) Elsevier, The Netherlands, 1999, Chapter 7. 

Finally, one of the better books to analyse the environmental impact of petrol is Green Chemistry An Introductory Text by M. Lancaster, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 2002. 

The literature on acid rain is simply vast. One of the better introductory texts is Acid Rain Its Causes and its Effects on Inland Waters, by B. J. Mason, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1992. Dozens of Websites supplement and update Mason s book. For a general but more widely ranging survey of pollution and its legacy, try Pollution Causes, Effects and Control (fourth edition), edited by Roy M. Harrison, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 2001. 

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