Internal loading and

The study shows that in this particular case a natural ventilation system is a suitable and ecological possibility to remove the high internal thermal loads. Accurate information on the internal loads and the ventilation openings is crucial for the results of the thermal simulation. 

Shirazi-Adl A, Parnianpour M (1993) Nonlinear response analysis of the human ligamentous lumbar spine in compression. Spine 18 147-158 Duffield RC, Carson WL, Chen LY, Voth B (1993) Longitudinal element size effect on load sharing, internal loads and fatigue life of tir-level spinal implant constructs. Spine 18 1695-1703... 

Examining the upper part of Eq. (6.37), the shell internal loads and group-wise electric flux density resultants in the vector L are found to be composed... 

Shirazi-Adl A, El-Rich M, Pop DG, Parnianpour M (2005) Spinal muscle forces, internal loads and stability in standing under various pustures and load- application of kinematic -based algorithm. Eur Spine J 14(4y.3 l-392. 

A fan blade is continuously vibrating millions of cycles up and down ia operatioa over a short period of time. Each time a blade tip moves past an obstmction it is loaded and then unloaded. If forced by virtue of tip speed and number of blades to vibrate at its natural frequency, the ampHtude is greatly iacreased and internal stresses result. It is very important when selecting or rating a fan to avoid operation near the natural frequency. The most common method of checking for a resonance problem is by usiag the relatioa ... 

International Rubber Hardness. The International mbber hardness test (ASTM D1415) (2) for elastomers is similar to the Rockwell test ia that the measured property is the difference ia penetration of a standard steel ball between minor and major loads. The viscoelastic properties of elastomers require that a load appHcation time, usually 30 seconds, be a part of the test procedure. The hardness number is read directly on a scale of 0 to 100 upon return to the minor load. International mbber hardness numbers are often considered equivalent to Durometer hardness numbers but differences ia iadenters, loads, and test time preclude such a relationship. 

Under both short-circuit and open-circuit conditions, a solar cell produces no electric power, the power is consumed internally in the cell and is dissipated as heat. When a resistive load is connected to a cell in sunlight, a photogenerated voltage, F, is induced across the load and a current flows through it. The existence of requites that the flow of majority carriers be reduced from that in the open-circuit condition there must be a higher battier potential than in the open-circuit case (Fig. 2d). This higher barrier potential (V6 — ) indicates a smaller reduction from Since the photogenerated... 

Frame-Mounted. For medium and severe appHcations, when nozzle loads and thermal transients tend to impose high stresses and internal deflections inside the pump, frame-mounted designs are used. Typically, these designs use conventional impellers, but recessed impeller designs are also available (Fig. 5). 

Stokes Vacuum, Inc. Price includes dryer, 15-lVin jacket, drive with motor, internal filter, and trunnion supports for concrete or steel foundations. Horsepower is established on 65 percent volume loading of material with a hulk density of 50 Ih/ft. Models of 250 ft, 325 ft, and 400 ft have extended surface area. 

Inelastic Loading. The strain lies on the elastic limit surface = 0, and the tangent to the strain history points in a direction outward from the elastic limit surface > 0. The material is said to be undergoing inelastic loading, and k is assumed to be a function of the strain s, the internal state variables k, and the strain rate k... 

The bearing of top and bottom driven filters, that supports the rotating plate stack and its sealing, is complex since it has to withstand the internal pressure and the side forces imposed by the mechanical drive. However, side loads on some machines are eliminated by the use of hydraulic motors. 

Heat gains from internal loads normally are sensible beat. Nevertheless, many processes release a significant amount of moisture. Also, occupants produce relevant amounts of latent heat, especially at high metabolic rates and at high air temperatures. 

For a lower bound on the apparent Young s modulus, E, load the basic uniaxial test specimen with normal stress on the ends. The internal stress field that satisfies this loading and the stress equations of equilibrium is... 

Many of the major motor manufacturers discovered on comparison of their own specifications to the IEEE Standard 841-1994 that their designs already exceeded the requirements of the new standard. Others made a few modifications, and their units satisfied the new standard. The standard required, among other items, (a) a no-load vibration limit of 0.08 in./sec and (b) a temperature rise of 80°C maximum with Class B insulation at rated load. The life of the motor is essentially controlled by the life of its internal insulation and is represented by Figure 14-11. ... 

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