Integrity test measurements

In tougher materials the minimum thickness required by equation 15 can become excessive. In such cases the /-integral test is an attractive alternative. Because this test considers the stress distribution around the crack inside the plastic 2one, it can be used to obtain a vahd toughness measurement in a thinner specimen, because more extensive plastic yielding does not invaUdate the analysis. The equivalent of equation 15 for the /-integral test is... 

Step 4 Capsule Mechanical Stability. The mechanical stability of the membranes was assessed semi-quantitatively by applying a compressional force via a micrometer. While this method is not precise, it did permit us to assess if the capsules could withstand deformations and if they ruptured in a controlled or catastrophic manner. Another test which was selectively employed was to place capsules between microscope slides and measure the force required to compromise the integrity of the membrane. These tests measured the resistance of the weakest point of the membrane. For certain capsules a needle was used to probe the breaking strength of a local region of the membrane. 

Digital Symbol Substitution Test. A subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), the Digital Symbol Substitution test measures sensory-motor integration and learning relationships of symbols. It has been used in many psychophar-macological studies. Subjects are given different forms of this test at each session. The test requires the patient to match as many of 100 symbols to their respective numerals, found in a code key, as possible within 60 seconds. 

The antioxidant activity afforded by NO is most important if it translates into a meaningful therapeutic event. To test the importance of this reaction pathway to cell survival, we compared viability of the cells exposed to in the presence or absence of NO, When cells are exposed to 20 pM there was appreciable loss of cell membrane integrity as measured by trypan blue dye exclusion (Kelley et al, 1999) the addition of NO deaeased cell membrane damage (Figure 6). 

Caliper surveying Caliper testing measures the diameter of the borehole. These measurements can also be used to determine the mechanical integrity of the well and the volume of concrete that is required... 

Measurements in Unmanned Condition 1.1 Integrity testing of HEPA filters... 

These tests check the integrity of measurement chains between the sensor and the equipment as well as along the measurement chain. For example, a temperature signal carried over by a current loop is checked against the exact temperature level and the exact conversion levels on the current loop. However, if the temperature sensor contains its own local temperature indicator, this indication will be compared to the temperature available on the control system. 

HEPA filter integrity testing is performed at 6-month intervals on level I and level II HEPA filters. HEPA filter testing includes Measuring (Machines, Eilters, Diffusers) Inlet and Outlet Air Velocity or Volume and Integrity Test of HEPA Filters Using Aerosol and Photometer. Refer to (provide reference to attachment no.). 

The bubble point test is a popular single-point physical integrity test for disc filter membranes based on Eq. (21). A fdter medium is wetted with a liquid, and test gas pressure is slowly raised until a steady stream of bubbles appears from a tube or hose attached to the downstream side of the filter and immersed in water (Fig. 9). The pressure at which the bubbles first appear is recorded as the bubble point and is related to the largest pores in the fdter medium. A pore size can be calculated from Eq. (21) however, it must be realized that the bubble point test does not measure the actual pore size, but only allows correla-... 

When the wetting fluid is expelled from the largest pore, a bulk gas flow will be detected on the downstream side of the filter system (Fig. 7). The bubble point measurement determines the pore size of the filter membrane, i.e., the larger the pore the lower the bubble point pressure. Therefore, filter manufacturers specify the bubble point limits as the minimum allowable bubble point. During an integrity test, the bubble point test has to exceed the set minimum bubble point. 

A reflection spectrometer (Fig. 46) is used for measuring on the moist reagent carrier the dye that has been formed. The instrument requires an Ulbricht sphere (spheric integrator) to measure the light reflected by the test area. A... 

An innovative approach to combining the best of the first and second trimester tests has been proposed that avoids most of the limitations of stand-alone first trimester screening—the integrated test. With this approach, measurements of NT and PAPP-A are made in the first trimester but not interpreted or acted upon until the second trimester. In the second trimester, a second serum is drawn and a quadruple test performed. Results from aU six tests (NT, PAPP-A, AFP, uE CG, and DIA) are combined into a single risk estimate for interpretation in the second trimCxSter. It is projected that this approach could detect 85% of Down syndrome cases with only a 1% false-positive rate. A recent study (SURUSS) involving results from 47,507 pregnancies at multiple centers obtained results consistent with this estimate. ... 

Integral reactor measurements. For integral reactor measurements either engine test units or laboratory equipment with model gas mixtures were used. Both are described in (ref. 1). 

---