Integrated Operations and Environmental Planning

Measurement. The need for cost-effective pollution prevention, efficiency improvements, and emissions meastmement has created a need for new types of integrated control and meastirement systems. One of the best methods to improve environmental performance initially is to maximize efficiency through optimization in their manufacturing and energy processes. Many cement kilns now use continuous NOx measurement at the kiln exit to feed back information to the process control to optimize combustion. Capital costs are usually small, especially if PEM/ optimization software systems can be included at the time of a control system u rade. The increased operator awareness of the plant is a benefit, and fuel savings, qualify control, and maintenance planning can quickly pay back initial costs. 

Interim measures may be separate from the comprehensive Corrective Action plan but should be consistent with, and integrated with, any longer-term Corrective Action (e.g., corrective measure through an order, an operating permit, a post-closure permit or interim status closure requirements). To the extent possible, interim measures should not seriously complicate the ultimate physical management of hazardous wastes or constituents, nor should they present or exacerbate a health or environmental threat. Interim measures may add additional costs or work to the comprehensive Corrective Action. Such added costs or work do not preclude implementation of an interim measure. 

Oliveira Francisco (2002) described a methodology for the synthesis and multiperiod operational planning of utility systems in a heat integrated industrial complex. This comprises a multiperiod model for utility systems including environmental concerns. The purpose of the present paper is to show the structure of this modified model and the resolution algorithm, applied to a simple example problem. 

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