Insects Trichoplusia

HEK-293 hGH High-Five hsp70 HSV IPTG IRES kb Lac LCR LoxP LUC MCS human embryonic kidney cells human growth hormone TM BTI-TN-5B1-4 (cell line derived from the insect Trichoplusia ni) heat shock protein 70 herpes simplex virus isopropyl 1 -thio-fi-D-galactopyranoside internal ribosomal entry site kilobases lactose operon/repressor locus control region locus of crossover of PI luciferase isolated from firefly multiple cloning site... 

Jacques, R.P., 1967. The persistence of a nuclear polyhedrosis vims in the habitat of the host insect, Trichoplusia ni. I. Polyhedra deposited on foliage. Can. Entomol., 99 785-794. 

Besides the currently used constant temperature mode it has been reported that temperature oscillation can enhance cell viability of Sf9 insect cells and ba-culovirus production of occlusion bodies (OB) and extracellular virus (ECV) compared with constant temperature in stationary culture and suspension culture, with the optimal oscillation range at 24-28°C [82]. As a curiosity Pham et al. found that, by raising the infection temperature to 30 °C, they more than doubled the protein productivity of human interleukin-2 (IL-2), in insect larvae, Trichoplusia ni [83]. 

Nicotine is rapidly excreted by three insect species that normally feed on Nicotiana tabacum (10,11). Manduca sexta. Trichoplusia ni, and Heliothis virescens eliminate the unchanged alkaloid after Ingestion, and no evidence was obtained to indicate that nicotine was subjected to any metabolic transformations. 

Genetics of pheromone communication in the cabbage looper moth, Trichoplusia ni. In Insect Pheromone Research New Directions, eds. R. T. Carde and... 

Hsu, T. A. and Betenbaugh, M. J. (1997) Coexpression of molecular chaperone BiP improves immunoglobulin solubility and IgG secretion from Trichoplusia ni insect cells. Biotechnol. Prog. 13, 96-104. 

Liu W., Ma P. W. K., Marsella-Herrick P., Rosenfield C.-L., Knipple D. C. and Roelofs W. L. (1999) Cloning and functional expression of a cDNA encoding a metabolic acyl-CoA A9-desaturase of the cabbage loopermoth, Trichoplusia ni. Insect Biochem. Molec. Biol. 29, 435 143. 

Zhao J. Z. and Haynes K. F. (1997) Does PBAN play an alternative role of controlling pheromone emission in the cabbage loopermoth, Trichoplusia ni (Hubner) (Lepidoptera Noctuidae). J. Insect Physiol. 43, 695-700. 

High-Five cells (BTI-TN-5BI-4) are derived from Trichoplusia ni cells and are frequently employed due to their capacity to express high protein levels when compared with other insect cell lines, such as Sf-9 cells (Rhiel et al., 1997). This cell line shows high growth rates in adherent culture, and can easily be adapted to grow in suspension and in serum-free media. 

Rhiel M, Mitchell-Logean CM, Murhammer DW (1997), Comparison of Trichoplusia ni BTI-Tn-5Bl-4 (High Five ) and Spodoptera frugiperda Sf-9 insect cell line metabolism in suspension cultures, Biotechnol. Bioeng. 55 909-920. 

Dwyer, L.A., Zamboni, A.C. and Blomquist, G. J. (1986). Hydrocarbon accumulation and lipid biosynthesis during larval development in the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni. Insect Biochem., 16,463 169. 

Rosenfield, C.L., You, K.M., Marsella-Herrick, P., Roelofs, W.L. and Knipple, D.C. (2001). Structural and functional conservation and divergence among acyl-CoA desaturases of two noctuid species, the com earworm, Helicoverpa zea, and the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni. Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol., 31,949-964. 

Another important result was obtained from in vivo experiments using the cabbage looper moth (CL), Trichoplusia ni (11). The biosynthetic pathway postulated for this insect is given in Fig 2. Substrates were applied to the gland and the (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate isolated, cleaved at the double bond by ozonolysis, and the products isolated as benzyloximes. When acetate was used as substrate, radioactivity appeared in both products, but when hexadecanoic acid tritiated at the 16 position was used, radioactivity only appeared in the fragment derived from the terminal carbons. This demonstrated that incorporation took place as proposed in Fig 2, not by some scheme involving degradation and resynthesis. 

Aminopeptidases have also been identified from other insect species as Cryl binding protein. Aminopeptidase cDNAs have been cloned from M. sexta [124], Plutella xylostella [129], Plodia interpunctella [130,131], Helicoverpa punctigera [132], B. mori [133-135], Epiphyas postvittana [136], Trichoplusia ni [137], andX. dispar [138,139]. Based on homology analysis of aminopeptidases clones from these insects it appears tiiat lepidopteran insects each have at least four aminopeptidases with different affinities for Cryl A toxins (Figure 2). 

The first insect sex pheromone to be identified was bombykol, (E,Z)-10,12-hexadecadien-l-ol [58]. The elucidation of the structure spanned 20 years and required half a million female abdomens. A few years later, (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate was identified as the sex pheromone of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni [59]. Silverstein worked on bark beetles, in which three terpenes were identified as a synergistic pheromone blend for Ips paraconfusus [60], and it became reeognised that most insect pheromones consisted of multicomponent blends. 

A new series of compounds, a,a -alkanebis-thiotrifluoro-propanones was synthesized and showed excellent in vitro and moderate in vivo inhibition of the insect juvenile hormone esterase from the fifth instar larvae of Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper). The potency of the above series was also screened for its ability to inhibit other esterases of toxicological and pharmacological significance. Trifluoroketones are discussed as an example of the importance of chemistry in biotechnology approaches. 

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