Industrial hygiene surveys

Lucas AD, Salisbury SA. 1992. Industrial hygiene survey in a university art department. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 1 l(l) 21-27. 

Data concerning occupational exposure levels of heptachlor are very limited. An industrial hygiene survey conducted in 1977 at the Velsicol Chemical Corporation, Memphis, Tennessee, a plant that manufactured heptachlor, detected heptachlor in workplace air at levels ranging from 0.025 to 0.202 mg/m (1.64-13.2 ppb) (Netzel 1981). Data from the National Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES) conducted by NIOSH from 1981 to 1983 were not available for heptachlor or heptachlor epoxide. 

Netzel NR. 1981. Industrial hygiene survey Velsicol Chemical Corporation, Memphis, Tennessee plant. Office of Toxic Substance Microfiche 200501. 

Early industrial hygiene surveys found no evidence of adverse hematological effects attributable to exposure to 1,4-dichlorobenzene in workers at air concentrations ranging from 10 to 550 ppm for 8 months to 25 years (average 4.75 years) (Hollingsworth et al. 1956). 

Feiner B, Burke WJ, Baliff J An industrial hygiene survey of an onion dehydrating plant. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 28 278-279, 1946... 

In contrast, another study of 548 men at three lead chromate facilities showed that workers exposed at two of the facilities had a threefold excess of lung cancer. Workers at the third facility, who had zinc chromate exposure as well as lead chromate exposure, had a significant excess of lung cancer and stomach cancer. An industrial hygiene survey indicated... 

The irritancy properties of isophorone have also been observed in humans exposed occupationally to isophorone. In an industrial hygiene survey, Kominsky (1981) reported that the eye and nose irritation complained of by a screen printer could have been caused by 4-minute exposure to 25.7 ppm isophorone, which was measured in the personal breathing zone while the worker was washing a screen. Lee and Frederick (1981) found that eye, respiratory, and skin irritation were among the complaints of 27/35 workers in a printing plant where isophorone and other solvents (xylene, methylene chloride, and toluene) were used. On the day of measurement, two of the screen printers were found to be exposed to 8-hour TWA concentrations of isophorone of 0.7 and 14 ppm, but it was not clear whether these two individuals were among the workers complaining of irritation. The odor threshold for isophorone in air has been reported to be 0.2 ppm (v/v) (Amoore and Hautala 1983). 

Field Notes. The collection of accurate field notes is of vital importance to the success of industrial hygiene surveys. 

Bloom, T.F. Zey, J.N. (1990) Industrywide Studies Report of an Industrial Hygiene Survey at Monsanto Chemical Company, Addyston, Ohio (Report No. 84.12) Cincinnati, OH, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health... 

Detailed industrial hygiene surveys were conducted in 1986 in five of 17 facilities in... 

Extensive industrial hygiene surveys have been carried out in many countries, and they have provided information on the types... 

The use of low capacity surface sulfonated cation exchange resin for the liquid chromatographic separation of aromatic amines provides a rapid analytical technique for industrial hygiene surveys. A wide variety of amines can be analyzed by the same technique with good sensitivity. 

OSHA requires employers of workers who are occupationally exposed to 2-butoxyethanol to institute engineering controls and work practices to reduce employee exposure and maintain it at or below pennissible exposure limits (PEL). The PEL for 2-butoxyethanol is 50 ppm (OSHA 1974). Workers exposed to 2-butoxyethanol should wear personal protective equipment such as gloves, coveralls, and goggles to protect exposure to tire skin (OSHA 1974). NIOSH recommends that industrial hygiene surveys be completed at work places where airborne exposure to 2-butoxyethanol or 2-butoxyethanol acetate may occur (NIOSH 1990). If exposure levels are at or above one-half the recommended exposure limit (REL = 5 ppm), NIOSH recommends that a program of personal monitoring be instituted so that tlie exposure of each worker can be estimated. If exposure levels are at or greater than the REL, or if there is a potential for skin contact, NIOSH recommends that 2-butoxyacetic acid be measured in the urine of the workers. 

Zaebst DD. 1984. In-depth industrial hygiene survey report of Henredon Furniture Industries, Inc., Morganton, North Carolina. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies Industry Wide Studies Branch. Cincinnati, OH. 

Esmen, N. (1979). Retrospective industrial hygiene surveys. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 40, 58-65. 

Fajen J, Albright B, Leffingwell SS. 1981. A cross-sectional medical and industrial hygiene survey of workers exposed to carbon disulfide. Scand J Work Environ Health 7 20-27. 

Coal Tar Products. In an industrial health survey of employees in a wood preservative plant in which coal tar creosote, coal tar, and pentachlorophenol were the main treatments used, cardiovascular effects, including increased diastolic blood pressure, were noted in 21% (24 of 113) of the employees examined (TOMA 1979). Industrial hygiene surveys of coal tar pitch volatiles at this and three other wood preservative plants indicated that airborne exposure to benzene-soluble components of the coal tar pitch volatiles was within the OSHA permissible limit of 0.2 mg/m3 in 94% of the samples (TOMA 1979). The other 6% of the samples ranged from 0.21 to 3.6 mg/m3 (TOMA 1979). Nevertheless, no clear relationship could be established because exposure routes in addition to inhalation (e.g., oral and dermal) were likely. Also, the ability to relate cardiovascular effects to coal tar creosote and coal tar exposure was further confounded by the possibility that the subjects were also exposed to other chemicals including pentachlorophenol and cigarette smoke (TOMA 1979). Additional limitations of the study are noted above (see "Respiratory Effects"). However, in another industrial study, an increase in mortality from... 

NIOSH. 1986b. Industrial hygiene survey report, Parkway Products, Inc., Cincinnati, OH. Contract No. IWS-144.13. Cincinnati, OH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Department of Health and Human Services. Document No. PB87-222360... 

Vinyl Fluoride and Vinyl Bromide Industrial Hygiene Survey Report, Report for National Institute For Occupational Safety and Health, work performed by Tractor Jitco,... 

Comprehensive survey. Periodic, comprehensive safety and industrial hygiene surveys... 

For the industrial hygiene survey you should, at a minimum, want to inventory all chemicals and hazardous materials at the site, review the hazard communication program, and conduct air sampling in various areas to analyze the air for hazardous contaminants. For specific applications, a noise level survey and a review of the respirator program could be required [2],... 

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