Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry characteristics

The complex of the following destmctive and nondestmctive analytical methods was used for studying the composition of sponges inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Techniques of sample preparation were developed for each method and their metrological characteristics were defined. Relative standard deviations for all the elements did not exceed 0.25 within detection limit. The accuracy of techniques elaborated was checked with the method of additions and control methods of analysis. 

Chudzinska, M. and Baralkiewicz, D. (2010). Estimation of honey authenticity by multielements characteristics using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) combined with chemometrics. Food Chem. Toxicol. 48, 284-290. 

Atomic spectrometric methods Here, the entire sample is atomized or ionized either by flame or inductively coupled plasma and transferred into the detector. The most common techniques in this class are flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). A general characteristic of these methods is the determination of the total concentration of the analyte without the direct possibility of distinguishing its specific forms in the sample. 

Other elements were measured by a Perkin-Elmer SCIEX ELAN 6100 DRCII Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) instrument equipped with a cyclonic spray chamber, a concentric nebulizer and a dynamic reaction cell (DRC). In the vented (standard) mode, no reaction gas is present in the cell and the instrument shows the typical characteristics of a quadrupole-based ICP-MS apparatus. When the gas is introduced into the cell an ion-molecule reaction takes place that can be tailored so as to eliminate spectroscopic interferences. Experimental conditions are summarized in Table 10.2. 

GC/MS), liquid chromatography/mass spectrometiy (LC/MS/, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) evolved to address TICs of various forms and characteristics. We present an all optical single sensing instrument, based on NIR and MIR spectroscopy, which can be used for the detection and concentration measurement of a large number of TICs in either liqnid or sohd phases. 

However, although the techniques mentioned above are able to provide results of sufficient quality in many analytical situations, there are still some other instances where specific problems may hamper their use for example, analysis of a liquid sample, the requirement of very low LODs, the lack of calibration standards, or the occurrence of interferences. In such instance, electrothermal vaporization inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ETV-ICPMS) may constitute a versatile alternative, overcoming these and other inconveniences. As will be shown in this chapter, the unique characteristics of ETV-ICPMS provide unique capabilities so that difficult analytical situations can be addressed... 

Koch, )., Walle, M., Pisonero,)., and Gunther, D. (2006) Performance characteristics of ultra-violet femtosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry at -265 and -200 nm. J. Anal. At. 

As for the elemental analysis techniques, apart from XRF, metal in an electrophoresis gel can also be analyzed directly by following three techniques autoradiography, " X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Some important characteristics of these techniques are listed in Table 3.4. 

We consider the determination of the concentration of elements in various materials studied in agricultural and environmental applications, by the use of the following methods atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) using a flame (FAAS) or a graphite furnace (GFAAS) as an atom cell inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICPAES) inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The analytical characteristics of the methods as normally practised are compared with the requirements of fitness for purpose in the examination of soils and sediments, waters, dusts and air particulates, and animal and plant tissue. However, there are numerous specialized techniques that cannot be included here. 

Inductively coupled plasma—mass spectrometry (referred to in this book as ICP-MS), a technique for the elemental chemical characterization of virtually any material, evolved during the late 1990s into a mature analytical procedure. This technique has a variety of characteristics that make it uniquely suited for the solution of chemical analysis problems in many applications. These characteristics include the abihty to precisely identify and measure (quantitate) all elements in the periodic table including the often difficult to analyze refractory elements. In addition to this wide scope of elemental analysis, the technique has the inherent capabihty to perform these determinations in a multielement analysis mode, efficiendy providing comprehensive elemental compositional characterization. The technique also has the powerful ability to measure individual isotopes of the analyte elements, providing a capability that has many useful apphcations ranging from isotope dilution quantitation to stable isotope tracer studies. 

Feldmann, I.,Tittes, W, Jakubowski, N., and Stuewer, D. (1994). Performance characteristics of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with high mass resolution./. Anal. At. Spectrom. 9(9), 1007. 

High, K. A., Blais,J. S., Methven, B. A.J., and McLaren,J.W. (1995). Probing the characteristics of metal-binding proteins using high-performance liquid chromatography-atomic absorption spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Ajiafysr (London) 120(3), 629. 

Nonose, N. S., Matsuda, N., Fudagawa, N., and Kubota, M. (1994). Some characteristics of polyatomic spectra in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Spectrochim. Acta, Part B 49(10), 955. 

Horlick, G. and Montaser, A. (1998) Analytical characteristics of ICPMS. In Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ed. A. Montaser), Wiley-VCH, New York, pp. 503-613. 

Name four characteristics of inductively coupled plasmas that make them suitable for atomic emission and atomic mass spectrometry. 

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