LIF Sensing Instrumentation

This section describes characteristics and selection of commercially available spectral and photometric LIE process instruments. While a comprehensive assessment was the objective, the author acknowledges that some vendors and instruments may have been inadvertently omitted. Nevertheless, the following survey of LIE instruments suitable for process and field enviromnents was based on instruments defined within scientific literature and those actively marketed by common process analytical instrument vendors. Thus, emerging in-line LIE instruments is perhaps a potential gap within the following discussion. 

Although spectrofluorometry has been ubiquitously adopted within the life sciences for complex cliifical assays and analysis, its application to process analytical problems in routine manufacturing has been more 

Carl Zeiss, Inc. also describes a spectrofluorometer system for process monitoring, but it does not currently appear as a standard marketed product on their web site. HORIBA Jobin Yvon also markets a fluorescent process analyzer, but it is a laser-induced time-domain based measurement system tailored for uranium or equivalent analysis. Finally, while numerous miniature spectrofluorometers are also available (Carl Zeiss, StellarNet Inc., Ocean Optics and Avantes), they are not packaged and configured for process applications. Although there is an established need and continued growing interest in realtime process spectrofluorometry, relative to conventional process spectroscopic instruments such as NIR, UV-vis and Raman, commercial process spectrofluorometers are currently available on a very limited basis. 

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