Learning history, individual

A written procedure may be an antecedent if the employee referred to the procedure immediately before starting the job. Otherwise, the procedure and training on that procedure are part of the employee s individual learning history. 

Key point Antecedents affect behavior because of the consequences. In the contingency diagrams regarding the light switch and the ringing telephone, the antecedents prompted the behavior to occur because of the consequences that usually follow in the presence of those antecedent conditions. 

This expanded picture of the behavioral environment clarifies all of the functions of the behavioral safety process. This safety process supports safe practices on the job by  

arranging immediate social consequences that support safe practices, 

providing training (a learning history) that sharpens the observer s understanding of what is and what is not safe under different antecedent conditions, and 

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But why is the behavior occurring in the first place The behavior occurs because of a history of experience with these antecedents and consequences. Sometime in the past, we learned about light switches and telephones. We will add individual learning history to our diagram after we further discuss consequences and antecedents. 

Individual Learning History What other events occurred in the individual s history that may have affected the likelihood of the safe or unsafe behavior Are the procedures correct Did the employee know how to do the job correctly (and demonstrate mastery of the procedure during training) Do other enployees routinely model the correct way to do the job Do employees know how engaging in the unsafe act affects their personal safety, their safety awards, and their careers ... 

It is assumed that the cortical loop in the prefrontal cortex that is involved in secondary emotions is analogous with the schemes formed and accumulated by the learning history of the individual. This loop enables the body to react without involving conscious processes. Further, it is this loop of secondary emotions that enables the organism to act automatically in behaviours that are over-learnt—as often experienced by drivers when performing driving tasks. By the processes of feeling an... 

In light of this, studies of CSF 5-HIAA have been initiated in a cohort of human volunteers with a history of extensive MDMA use. Most participants in the study are individuals who have recently learned of the neurotoxic properties of MDMA and have asked to be evaluated for possible serotonergic damage. To qualify for the study, subjects must (1) have used MDMA on at least 20 to 25 occasions, (2) be drug-free for at least 2 weeks prior to participating in the study, and (3) not have a history of neuropsychiatric illness thought to involve alterations in serotonin metabolism. To date, 34 individuals have participated in the study. The study is now in progress, and completion is anticipated by 1991. At this time, it would be premature to comment on the results. 

The examination of individual NP case studies by other investigators, as well as summary results of our pilot research, suggest at least two clinically distinct populations. One subsample of PCP abusers has a developmental history of prenatal and birth complications, e.g., prematurity, anoxia at birth, or low APGAR scores, and of early childhood factors, e.g., CHI with loss of consciousness, febrile illnesses with or without convulsions, or chronic ear infections. These histories contribute to developmental learning and performance disorders. In this group, LD causes academic failure and frustrations, which in turn contribute to the development of psychological and interpersonal problems. 

In Darwin s times heredity was a mystery, but this did not prevent him from concluding that natural selection works on heritable variations. All that he needed to know about heredity were the two facts that he learned from breeders, namely that (1) every individual in a population has unique characteristics, and (2) many distinctive traits are inherited. The discovery of the hereditary mechanism could not cancel these experimental facts, and could not therefore deny natural selection. That discovery, however, could reveal new mechanisms of evolution, and reduce the role that natural selection played in the history of life. This is why the study of heredity came to be seen as the testing ground for any evolutionary theory, and for almost a century, in fact, the debate on evolution has largely been a debate on genetics. 

The purpose of this book is to present an almost forgotten history of secret war research. I focus on one narrow subject and a small number of individuals, but I try to give an in-depth study of these individuals and of what they did. Quoted from the Preface of this book. In the first six chapters, I recorded what I could learn about the actions of this small group of interesting people on these almost forgotten projects, and in this chapter I present later development concerning some of these people. 

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