In wheat

On ornamental plants CCC is appHed to a2aleas, geraniums, and hibiscus (Hibiscus sp] to make compact plants, and to poinsettias to reduce stem height and increase the red color of the bracts. A considerable amount of work has been carried out on cereals with CCC to reduce stem length and inhibit lodging. In Europe, the effect of CCC on shortening the culms of cereals is dependent upon the genotype. It has been demonstrated that the effect is as follows wheat > triticale > durum wheat > rye > oats > barley > corn = millet = rice (37). In barley, culms are initially inhibited but later the plant overcomes the inhibition (37). This has been attributed to poor assimilation, translocation, and rapid breakdown in wheat (38). 

Nicotinic acid is found in plants associated with both peptides and polysaccharides. For example in wheat bran, two forms are described a peptide with a molecular weight of approximately 12,000 and a carbohydrate complex that is called niacytin. Polysaccharides isolated from wheat bran have been found to contain 1.05% nicotinic acid in bound form. Hydrolysis yielded a fragment identified as P-3-O-nicotinoyl-D-glucose (25). 

A neutral bacterial endoprotease can be used to weaken the gluten in wheat flour, if necessary, or to provide the plastic properties required ia a dough used for biscuits. 

Aluminium oxide deoxynivalenol in wheat 7 mm at 120 °C, yields a fluorescent derivative under UV light (i = 365 nm) [193, 196]... 

Benzoyl peroxide is used as a bleaching agent in wheat flour, but its more familiar use is as a powerful acne medication that can lay claim to the following benefits ... 

In contrast to AGX, the GAX consists of an arabinoxylan backbone, which contains about ten times fewer uronic acid side chains than a-L-Ara/ ones, and has some Xylp residues doubly substituted with these sugars. GAX are located in the non-endospermic tissues of cereal grains such as in wheat, corn, and rice bran. The degree and pattern of substitution of GAX appears to vary with the source from which they are extracted. These differences are reflected in the ratio of Ara to Xyl, the content of MeGlcA, and the presence... 

Kayserilioglu, B. S., Bakir, U., Yilmaz, L. Akkas, N. (2003). Use of xylan, an agricultural by-product, in wheat gluten based biodegradable films mechanical, solubility and water vapor transfer rate properties. Bioresource Technology, Vol. 87, 3, (May 2003), pp. (239-246), ISSN 0960-8524... 

We observed the activation of chitin-specific PO during infection with the causative agents of a number of diseases in wheat under the influence of Btpolaris soroktntana and the elicitors (Fig. 4), Septoria nodorum (Yusupova et al, 2006) and Tilletia caries (Khairullin et al., 2000) in potato infected by Phytophthora infestans (Maksimov et al., 2011), and in Aegilops umbellulata infected by Septoria nodorum (Maksimov et al, 2006). 

Maksimov I. V. Gherepanova E. A. Surina O. B. (2010) Effect of chitooligosaccharides on peroxidase isoenzyme composition in wheat calli co cultured with bunt causal agent / / Rus. J. of Plant Physiol. V. 57. P. 131-138. 

Negative relationships have now been found for plants in isolated pots in wheat (Farquhar Richards, 1984), peanut (Hubick, Farquhar Shorter, 1986 Hubick, Shorter Farquhar, 1988 Wright, Hubick Farquhar, 1988), barley (Hubick Farquhar, 1989 K.T. Hubick, S. von Caemmerer... 

Genetic variation in discrimination and transpiration efficiency In the experiments decribed earlier on A and W in wheat, peanut, barley, tomato and cotton, there was a great deal of genetic variation which still fitted the relationship described by Equation 8. The range of A in one species is often about 2 to 4 x 10 (e.g. Hubick et al., 1986 with peanut, and similarly from surveys of wheat, cotton, barley and cowpea). 

Masle, J. Farquhar, G.D. (1988). Effects of soil strength on the relation of water use efficiency and growth to carbon isotope discrimination in wheat seedlings. Plant Physiology, 6,147-55. 

Morgan, J.M. (1983). Osmoregulation as a selection criterion for drought tolerance in wheat. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 34, 607-14. 

Morgan, J.M. Condon, A.G. (1986). Water use, grain yield, and osmoregulation in wheat. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 13, 523-32. 

Pritchard, J. (1988). The control of growth rate in wheat seedling roots. PhD thesis. University of Wales. 

Mayoral, M.L., Atsmon, D., Gromet-Elhanan, Z. Shimshi, D. (1981). Effect of water stress on enzyme activities in wheat and related wild species Carboxylase activity, electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated chloroplasts. Australian Jourrml of Plant Physiology, 8, 385-94. 

Maddock, S.W. Semple, J.T. (1986). Field assessment of somaclonal variation in wheat. Journal of Experimental Botany, 37, 1114-28. 

Blum, A., Golan, G., Mayer, J. (1981). The manifestation of dehydration avoidance in wheat breeding germplasm. Crop Science, 21, 495-9. 

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