In transformed cells

La, T.N.B. Latchman, D.S. (1988). A cellular protein related to heat shock protein 90 accumulates during herpes simplex virus infection and is overexpressed in transformed cells. Exp. Cell Res. 178, 169-179. 

G2. Garcia, M., Derocq. D., Pujol, P., and Rochefort, H., Overexpression of transfected cathep-sin D in transformed cells increases their malignant phenotype and metastatic potency. Oncogene S, 1809-1814 (1990). 

Parkkinen, J., Raulo, E., Merenmies, J., Nolo, R., Kajander, E.O., Baumann, M., and Rauvala, H. (1993) Amphoterin, the 30-kDa protein in a family of HMGl-type polypeptides. Enhanced expression in transformed cells, leading edge localization, and interactions with plasminogen activation. J. Biol. Chem. 268, 19726-19738. 

Studies with native and reconstituted chromatin show that phosphorylated HI destabilize chromatin structure [62,63]. Phosphorylation of HI increases the protein s mobility in the nucleus and weakens its interaction with chromatin [64,65]. In studies with avian fibroblasts transfected with H5 (an HI variant), H5 was shown to inhibit proliferation in normal fibroblasts but not in transformed cells, in which H5 was phosphorylated. Aubert et al. proposed that phosphorylated H5 lacked the ability to condense chromatin [66]. The greater affinity of the dephosphorylated relative to phosphorylated HI for chromatin may interfere with the performance of chromatin remodeling agents. For example, dephosphorylated, but not phosphorylated, HI inhibited chromatin remodeling by SWI/SNF [67]. Thus, these and other studies provide support for the idea that an increase in the phosphorylation of HI leads to destabilization of the chromatin [24]. 

Perillyl alcohol represents a novel small molecule that might be effective for treating leukaemia by inducing growth arrest and apoptosis in transformed cells [313], Blends of isoprenoids suppressed growth of murine melanoma and human leukaemic cells [265, 271],... 

A prominent finding in transformed cells has been the absence, or marked lessening of the content, of a high-molecular-weight, cell-surface glycoprotein known as LETS protein, or fibronectin, that is involved in the attachment of the cells to the substratum (for a review, see Hynes and coworkers538). 

Velocity in transformation cells and velocity of freezing. On p. 184 a case was described in which the velocity of reaction could be calculated from other quantities, viz. from the electromotive force E) of a transformation cell, and its conductivity (i). The velocity v) of the transformation is proportional to these quantities, and so may be written... 

HIV can be grown without any difficulty in transformed cell lines, such as C8166 and H9 T-lymphoblastoid cell lines. These are continuously growing cell lines and readily support HIV replication under controlled conditions. Experience has shown that these cell lines are useful in establishing structure-activity relationships when a large number of compounds are being investigated (1-3). 

In hematopoietic cehs, cytokines also regulate death receptor-mediated pathways. Hematopoietic cytokines, such as IL-3 and erythropoietin in normal cells and BCR-ABL oncoprotein in transformed cells, inhibit transcription of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). The inhibition of TRAIL function is sufficient to partially rescue cytokine-deprived cells from apoptosis. Cytokine and BCR-ABL suppression of TRAIL transcription is mediated through phosphorylation and inhibition of the forkhead F0X03a transcription factor. BCR-ABL-induced inhibition of TRAIL transcription in hematopoietic cells may provide a novel mechanism for tumorigenicity in chronic myeloid leukemia. ... 

Scott, M.R., Westphal, K., Rigby, P.W.1983. Activation of mouse genes in transformed cells. Cell 34 557-567. 

Certain glycolytic enzymes appear to be target proteins for protein-tyrosine kinases. They may be responsible for the increased rate of glycolysis in transformed cells. The protein component of ion pumps may also be involved activation of Na+/H+ antiport systems causing mild alkalinization of the cells may play a role in stimulating mitosis. 

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